The Gospel of Matthew
-50% of Matthews gospel comes from Mark -does not contain birth stories -has no resurrection story -contains sayings of Jesus (Q source) -JC baptized by John -in order Passion Narratives: Jesus fulfills scripture, judas commits suicide and realized Jesus is the Messiah, PP wife declares Jesus as innocent, rock splits
Genealogy in The Gospel of Matthew:
Abraham --> 14 generations --> David -kings --> 14 gen. --> exile in babylon --> 14 gen. --> Messiah
Who was the audience for Matthew's gospel?
Jews who followed Jesus
The Gospel of Matthew equals.....
-Matthew = Mk + Q + M
What year was The Gospel of Matthew written?
-80-90 C.E in Antioch
How many chapters does The Gospel of Matthew have?
28 chapters
In Matthew, Jesus is portrayed as....
the True Jewish Messiah Why? - Because the Jews are split into 2 sects (Christ-believing Jews and Traditional Jews)
The Gospel of Mark
-91% of Marks gospel can be seen in Matthew/Luke -Background: Nero in rule and persecutes Christians -Starts with Blindman and ends with Blindman following Jesus
Passion Narrative: woman anoints Jesus for burial, Jesus claims to be divine but is considered blasphemy, trial with PP turns political, disciples flee, curtain of temple
In the Gospel of Mark, seeing is to....
understand
How many chapters does Mark have?
-has 16 chapters
The Gospel of Mark was written in....
67 CE, Rome
Who was the audience for Marks gospel?
persecuted Christians
In Mark, Jesus is portrayed as....
the unrecognized suffering Son of God
The Gospel of Luke
-prophets are rejected -reversal theology (rich will be poor and poor will be rich) -JC baptized by Abraham -JC had sermon on the plain -JC includes outcast and sinners, he heals, forgives -Passion Narrative: crucifixion, empty tomb, accession -Luke does not talk about JC coming back
In Luke, Genealogy starts with....
Adam
The Gospel of Luke includes....
-Luke = Mk + Q + L
The audience in Lukes Gospel were....
gentiles (non-jews)
The Gospel of Luke was written in
85 CE
In Luke, Jesus is portrayed as....
the Savior of the World
The Gospel of John
-Similarities with Synoptics: shared stories (feeding of 5000) and passion narratives -omits birth story -JC teaches about the Kingdom of God and Identity
The Gospel of John was written in
-95 CE
Who is the audience in The Gospel of John?
Jewish Christians
In John, Jesus is portrayed as....
the life-giving word from Heaven
gospels in order
mark, matthew, luke, john
synoptic gospels
the first three Gospels which describe events in Christ's life from a similar point of view
The synoptic problem
The Synoptic Problem is the problem of the literary relationships among the first three āSynopticā Gospels. Matthew, Mark, and Luke are called āSynoptic Gospelsā because they can be āseen togetherā.
Q source
200 sayings of Jesus Christ
According to the Griesback Theory
-Matthew is the basis of synoptic tradition, no need for q source, Luke copies, Mark abbreviates
Two Source Theory
-Mark is the 1st gospel written (basis of synoptic tradition) -Q sayings, Mk source and L scource
Babylonian exile
The Babylonian captivity was Israelās punishment for not keeping the Sabbath for the land. According to Leviticus 25:1-7 they were supposed to let the land lie fallow for one year out of every seven.
Intercalation
An intercalation is a literary device whereby two pericopes, or narrative units, are combined by splitting one apart and inserting the other between the parts (seen in marks gospel)
Exorcism
was used in Matthew and Mark to reveal JC glory
transfiguration
The Transfiguration of Jesus is a spiritual event that reveals Jesusā divine nature and coming sacrifice to his disciples.
Messianic Secret
JC told people who knew that he was the messiah to keep his title a secret
Nazareth Sermon (Luke)
Jesusā sermon, therefore, implies that his ministry is one that liberates people from social and economic oppression, just as other pronouncements indicate that Jesus also frees people from sinās oppression. Later, in Luke 4:24-29, Jesus provokes his audience by insisting that prophets suffer rejection in their homelands.
last supper
the traditional Passover supper of Jesus with his disciples on the eve of his crucifixion
Gethsemane
the garden where JC prayed, arrested and denied in the passion narratives
sanhedrin
the supreme judicial and ecclesiastical council of ancient Jerusalem
Barabbas
guilty man who was freed by the people during JC conviction
Herod Antipas
assigned Pontius Pilate as roman ruler during JC life
Joseph of Arimathea
Joseph of Arimathea was, according to all four canonical gospels, the man who assumed responsibility for the burial of Jesus after his crucifixion.
Theophilus
-who Lukes gospel was written for -name means lover of God
John's Prolouge
Logos - word Life - Bios (biological) and Zoe (vitality) Light - universal believing is acting on something that you think is true based on love, loyalty and trust states main idea of johns gospel is that the flesh (JC) is among us - Incarnation I AM - Yahweh - 7 sayings signs were written for people to believe, 7 signs
The Book of Glory
talks about the non living and living; ex: JC turning water into wine
pedilavium
feet washing during the last supper scene in John's gospel
Glossolalia
speaking in tongues (received during Pentecost)
Holy Spirit
empowering force that drives the movement of early Christian followers of Jesus
Justification by Faith
āthe faith of Christā
Judicial Model of Salvation
all human beings are guilty before God and because of our guilty we are judged in the "courtā of God. Because Jesus took our judgement Gods judgement is put on Jesus.
Union Model of Salvation
Born into a union with Jesus through Baptism
New Perspective on Paul
Paul is writing to a specific event (the return of Jews in the Christian community of Rome
Occasional Letter
writings by Paul about a event problem
Pastoral Epistles
group of Pauline letters- that are written to specific people
Catholic Epistles
universal letters
Sanctuary
inner part of Jewish Temple
Expiation
to sooth the anger by animal sacrifice
666
Caesar Nero
Acts of the Apostles
Acts (actions)
Written by Luke in 85 C.E in Asia Minor
Written for the gentiles
Jesus = Savior of the world
Genre: Succession narrative (story about who succeeded Jesus
Paul
-former persecutor of Christians
-aka Saul
-Hellenistic Jew
-Paul teaches in rhetoric
-originally believed Jesus was cursed
- Damascus road revelation (Saul met Jesus and his view changed
Hellenistic Jews
Hellenistic Judaism was a form of Judaism in classical antiquity that combined Jewish religious tradition with elements of Greek culture
Jerusalem Council
leaders of Christian movement join leaders of jewish movement
compromise between gentiles and jews
Pauline letters
the Pauline Epistles are the 13 letters written by the apostle Paul that are included in the canon of Scripture. The Pauline Epistles are Romans, 1 Corinthians, 2 Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, 1 Thessalonians, 2 Thessalonians, 1 Timothy, 2 Timothy, Titus, and Philemon.
Patmos
the island where John was exiled and wrote revelation (has a vision where he writes 7 letters to churches
ascension
Ascensionā simply means āgoing upā, and as we can see from these Bible verses, it refers to Jesus ascending to heaven.
Covenantal Nomism
-Covenantal Nomism means āTrust and Obey
-it is understood that people continue to sin. The covenant includes the means for being forgiven of sins.
original sin
sin that all humans are born with when Adam bit the apple
Pauline ethics
take care of community first, then care about yourself
typology
Biblical typology is the biblical study of types. Types, meaning symbols, are used to represent something else. For example, the Passover lamb in Exodus served as a type or symbol of Jesus Christ who would later come as a sacrifice for the atonement of sins.
Apocalyptic writing
-genre of Revelations
-the apocalypse is the main idea of these writings
James
Author: Unknown
-catholic epistle
- written in 80ās CE to an Unknown audience
Parenesis: moral exhortation (encouragement)
Letters to the Seven
Churches
John writes instructions on how to run their church
diatribe
understood to be either a transcription of such a lecture, or a written development of one.
Faith v. Works
Faith is to believe, and works is to do
The Lamb
Jesus
The Beast
Nero (54-68) and Domitian (81-96)
The Dragon
the devil
Babylon
In the Bible, Babylon is mentioned from Genesis to Revelation, as it rises from its rebellious beginnings to become a symbol of the Antichristās evil world system.
Mother Israel
symbol of the chosen people of GodāIsraelāthe woman in Revelation is also a symbol of the new people of God, the Church.
apostle
The word apostle means āone who is sent out.ā.
Peter
Saint Peter was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus Christ and the first leader of the early Church.
Discuss the life and influence of the Apostle Paul.Ā Ā Write a brief biography of Paul, paying special attention to significant turning points that contributed to the development of his thought.Ā Give an overview of Paulās writings, noting his major theological and ethical themes.Ā Conclude with an evaluation of Paulās influence on Christianity.
Pauls conversion: origonally believed Jesus is cursed because he was born on a tree (trees were where criminals died on), jesus interupts paul on the demascus road (jesus shows paul that he is still living), pauls view changes, JC is blessed by God
Paul writes 13 books/letters:
his theology is righteous shall live by faith (canāt rely on the law)
Ethical Themes of Paul: take care of community first, then care about yourself
Impact on Christian Community:
explained the relationship between God the Father and Jesus, and on the mystical human relationship with the divine.
Timeline of JC:
4 B.C.E ā Birth of Jesus 49 C.E ā Expulsion of Jesus and Jerusalem Council 29 C.E ā Jesus begins ministry 30-33 C.E ā Jesus dies 67 C.E ā Written of Mark 70 C.E ā Jerusalem is destroyed by Romans 85 C.E ā Written of Matthew and Luke 90-95 C.E ā Written of John 367 C.E ā written of cannon