AP Statistics Unit 6

Just some useful notes for the AP Stats... WIP

(6.1) How do we determine if the evidence for a claim is convincing?

• Consider the two explanations for the evidence (random chance, real effect).

• Estimate the probability of getting evidence as strong or stronger than the observed evidence by chance alone.

• If you can eliminate random chance as a plausible explanation for the evidence, the evidence for the claim is convincing.

(6.2) How do we verify the conditions for calculating a confidence interval for a population proportion

1. The data is calculated using a random sample from the population

2. When sampling without replacement, the sample size is less than or equal to 10% of the population size.

3. Both np̂ ≥ 10 and n(1 - p̂) ≥ 10

(6.2) How do we determine the margin of error when estimating a population proportion?

(6.2) How do we calculate a confidence interval for a population proportion?

(6.2) How do we determine the minimum sample size that will achieve a given margin of error?

(6.3) How do we interpret a confidence interval for a population proportion?

“We are C% confident that the interval from ___ to ___ captures the [population parameter].”

(6.3) How do we interpret a confidence level for a confidence interval for a population proportion?

In repeated sampling with the same sample size, approximately C% of C% confidence intervals will capture the population proportion.

(6.3) How do the sample size and confidence level affect the margin of error for a confidence interval for a population proportion?

Assuming everything else stays the same:

• Increasing the sample size will decrease the margin of error.

• Increasing the confidence level will increase the margin of error.

(6.4) Null & Alternative Hypotheses

(6.4) How do verify the conditions for performing significance test for a population proportion

1. The data is collected using a random sample from the population.

2. When sampling without replacement, the sample size is less than 10% of the population size

3. Both np₀ ≥ 10 and n(1 - p₀) ≥ 10, where p₀ is the proportion specified by the null hypothesis.