slavery--eighth grade

Frederick Douglass

abolitionist speaker, writer, and leader who was an escaped slave

abolitionist

a group who opposed slavery

plantation

large farm, in the South the term referred to a larger farm that had slaves

Planters

the richest Southerners who owned over 50 slaves, they dominated Southern way of life

master

the owner of a slave

auction day

the day a slaves were bought and sold

Native Americans

English colonists failed to make them slaves because they caught diseases, ran away and fought back

middle passage

the route between Africa and the colonies in triangular trade that transported Africans to America as slaves

overseer

the person in the field that watched over the slaves, they were often cruel and at time were slaves themselves

education

slaves were not allowed to be educated and it was against the law to read and write

small pox

disease that Africans and Europeans could resist that killed most Native Americans

Harriet Tubman

most famous conductor of the Underground Railroad

Nat Turner

most famous slave to lead a slave revolt, he was hunted down and killed

W.E.B. DuBois

leader who creates the NAACP in 1908 (50 years) after the Civil War to demand civil rights for African-Americans in the United States

Booker T. Washington

leader of African-American who encouraged "freedmen" to work on job skills and work within the system created in the South after the Civil War

The Sally

a slave ship owned by the Brown family of Rhode Island, captained by Esek Hopkins

Triangular Trade

A three way system of trade during 1600-1808: a ship traveled from New England to Africa to trade rum for slaves, then sailed from Africa to the islands in the West Indies to trade slaves for sugar/molasses, then sailed from the islands to New England and traded sugar for rum; repeat

cotton

cash crop that greatly expanded slavery in the deep South after 1791 invention of an "engine"

Jamestown

the first English settlement that began slavery in the "New World" in 1619

Fugitive Slave Act

A law that made it a crime to help runaway slaves; allowed for the arrest of escaped slaves in areas where slavery was illegal and required their return to slaveholders

Denmark Vessey

Freed slave who planned a slave revolt in Charleston, SC, the plan was discovered and leaders were executed