1.1 Physical quantities + 1.2 SI units
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25 Terms
What is the difference between base units and derived units?
Base units are the fundamental units of measurement, while derived units are formed by combining base units through multiplication or division.
What does a physical quantity consist of?
A physical quantity consists of a numerical value and a unit.
What are the SI base units for mass, length, and time?
• Mass: kilogram (kg).
• Length: metre (m).
• Time: second (s).
What are the SI base units for current and temperature?
• Current: ampere (A).
• Temperature: kelvin (K).
Define a derived quantity.
A derived quantity is a physical quantity obtained by combining base quantities through multiplication or division.
What is the derived unit of area?
• Equation: A = L².
• Unit: m².
What is the equation and derived unit for volume?
• Equation: V = L³.
• Unit: m³.
What is the equation and unit for density?
• Equation: ρ = m / V.
• Unit: kg m⁻³.
What is the equation and unit for velocity?
• Equation: v = L / t.
• Unit: m s⁻¹.
What is the equation and unit for acceleration?
• Equation: a = Δv / t.
• Unit: m s⁻².
What is the equation and unit for momentum?
• Equation: p = mv.
• Unit: kg m s⁻¹.
What does it mean for an equation to be homogeneous?
It means both sides of the equation have the same units.
How do you check if an equation is homogeneous?
Write the equation.
Substitute each quantity with its SI base unit.
Simplify both sides.
If units match, the equation is homogeneous.
Is the equation F = ma homogeneous? Explain.
Yes.
• LHS: F = kg m s⁻².
• RHS: ma = kg × m s⁻² = kg m s⁻².
• Units match → homogeneous.
Is the equation s = ut + ½at² homogeneous? Explain.
Yes.
• LHS: s = m.
• RHS:.
• ut = (m s⁻¹)(s) = m.
• ½at² = (m s⁻²)(s²) = m.
• Total: m + m = m → homogeneous.
What is the prefix and symbol for 10¹²?
Tera (T).
What is the prefix and symbol for 10⁶?
Mega (M).
What is the prefix and symbol for 10⁻³?
Milli (m).
What is the prefix and symbol for 10⁻⁹?
Nano (n).
What is the prefix and symbol for 10⁹?
Giga (G).
What is the prefix and symbol for 10³?
Kilo (k).
What is the prefix and symbol for 10⁻¹?
Deci (d).
What is the prefix and symbol for 10⁻²?
Centi (c).
What is the prefix and symbol for 10⁻⁶?
Micro (µ).
What is the prefix and symbol for 10⁻¹²?
Pico (p).