Ionic and Covalent Bonding (Page 1 Notes)

Vocabulary-style flashcards covering ionic and covalent bonding concepts from Page 1 notes.

Ionic bond

The attraction between ions of opposite charge; formed when one atom transfers electrons to another.

Ion

An atom that has gained or lost electrons, resulting in a net positive or negative charge.

Covalent bond

A chemical bond formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons.

Electron pair

Two electrons shared between atoms in a covalent bond.

Single covalent bond

A covalent bond formed by sharing one pair of electrons (as in H-H).

Hydrogen gas (H2)

Diatomic molecule formed when two hydrogen atoms share a single covalent bond.

Nonpolar covalent bond

A covalent bond in which electrons are shared equally between two atoms.

Polar covalent bond

A covalent bond in which electrons are shared unequally, creating partial charges.

Electronegativity

The attraction an atom has for electrons in a covalent bond.

Valence shell / outer orbital

The outermost electron shell of an atom that participates in bonding.

Structural formula

A representation showing the arrangement of atoms and bonds in a molecule.

Molecular formula

A formula stating the number and type of atoms in a molecule (e.g., H2, H2O).