CSF 12A: Compartmentalization of cells

what percent of cell volume are intracellular components

50%

Theory of Endosymbiosis

mitochondria and chloroplasts were each an independent bacteria that were engulfed by an archaeon and lead to the formation of eukaryotic cells

evidence of theory of endosymbiosis

chloroplasts and mitochondria have 2 membranes

both have their own genome

condensate

membraneless organelles

aqueous environment called liquid-liquid separation

topological equivalence

comes from what compartments are composed of

proteins, lipids, etc. stay in comparatments that are similar (vesticular communication)

mitochondria and plastids are not part of vesticular communication

Extracellular fluid TE

ER lumen

Cytosol TE

Nuclear compartment

where are nuclearly encoded proteins synthesized

cytosol

how do nuclearly encoded proteins move

Signal Sequences or patches and Sorting Receptors Direct Proteins to subcellular locations

what has more rough ER secretory or somatic cells

secretory cells