Med Science Cardiovasualr system

vein

blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart

Artery

blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart

aortic valve

Valve between the left ventricle and aorta

myocardium

Muscular middle layer of the heart

pericardium

 Double-layered membrane on the outside of the heart  \n

thrombocytes

Blood cell required for the clotting process 

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septum

Muscular wall that separates the heart into a right side and a left side  \n

hemoglobin

 Complex protein on red blood cells 

contains iron and transports oxygen from lungs to tissues of body

ventricle

Lower chamber of the heart

endocardium

Smooth layer of cells lining the inside of the heart 

pulmonary valve

 Valve between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery 

atrium

 Upper chamber of the heart 

erythrocytes

Blood cell that carries oxygen and carbon dioxide 

diastole

Brief period of rest in the heart 

plasma

Fluid portion of blood 

capillary

 Blood vessel that connects arterioles with venules

mitral valve

 Valve between the left atrium and left ventricle 

leukocyte

Blood cell that helps fight infection 

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systole

Period of ventricular contraction in the heart 

blood

Tissue that flows through the circulatory system 

nuetrophils

fight infection by phagocytosis (too many can lead to bacterial infection)

phagocytosis

engulfing and swallowing germs

lymphocytes

formed in red bone marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen; protect body against disease

monocytes

Also formed in red bone marrow, lymph nodes and spleen.  Help protect against disease, an elevated count usually indicates a chronic (long-term) condition

eosinophils

formed in red bone marrow, increase in response to allergic conditions (ex - allergic reaction, asthma, etc…)

basophils

promote inflammatory response, elevated basophil count may indicate an allergic condition (ex. -allergic reaction, asthma, etc…)

anemia

inadequate number of red blood cells, low hemoglobin levels, or both

iron deficiency anemia

 inadequate amount of iron

aplastic anemia

results from injury to or destruction of the bone marrow, leading to poor or no formation of RBCs

pernicious anemia

formation of erythrocytes that are abnormally large in size, but inadequate in number

sickle cell anmeia

chronic, inherited anemia (cresent shaped bloodcells)

arterioclerosis

 hardening or thickening of the arterial walls, resulting in loss of elasticity and contractility

artheroclerosis

 fatty plaques are deposited on the walls of the arteries

Congestive Heart Failure

condition that occurs when the heart muscles do not beat adequately to supply the blood needs of the body

embolus

foreign substance circulating in the bloodstream

hemophilia

 inherited disease that occurs almost exclusively in male individuals but can be carried by female individuals

hypertension

*  high blood pressure

leukemia

* cancer of the bone marrow or lymph tissue

myocardial infarction

heart attack, occurs when a blockage in the coronary arteries cuts off the supply of blood to the heart.

phlebitis

inflammation of a vein 

varicose veins

gnarled, dilated veins that have lost elasticity and cause stasis, or decreased blood flow

hematologist

specializes and treats disorders of the blood

Phlemotologist

* Takes patient blood samples and prepares them for testing in the lab

medical laboratory technology (MT)

Works under the supervision of pathologist to study tissues, fluids, and cells in the human body

medical laboratory assistant

Prepares specimens for testing and helps clean and maintain laboratory equipment.

What happens to the heart during diastole

atria contract and push blood into the ventricles

systole

right ventricle pushes blood into the pulmonary artery so blood goes to the lungs, left ventricle pushes blood into the aorta so blood goes to all parts of the body

arrythmia

abnormal heart rhythm treated by cardiac/ electrocardiogram

transported by the blood

oxygen

carbon dioxide

nutrients

metabolic waste products

heat

horomones

what gives blood its characteristic red color

hemoglobin and the amount of oxygen present

aneurysm

saclike formation inn the wall of blood vessel

anemias

inadequate number of red blood cells, hemoglobin or both

varicose veins

dilates, swollen veins

atherosclerosis

a fatty deposit on the walls of arteries

hemophilia

disease characterized by failure of the blood to clot

hypertension

high blood pressure

thrombophlebitis

inflammation of the veins with formation of a clot

myocardial infarction

blockage in the coronary arteries of the heart

embolus

foreign substance in the bloodstream

leukemia

malignant disease with large numbers of immature white blood cells