Alkaoids

What is alkaloids?

organic products of natural origins that are basic in nature and contain 1/ more nitrogen atoms usually in a heterocyclic ring.
It has specific physiological actions when used in small quantities. (recreational drug, medicines)

Draw piperidine ring

ephedrine

tropane ring

Occurrence of alkaloid

produced by large variety of organisms.
and in higher plants

Difference between strychnine and brucine.

Brucine contains an alkoxy group while strychnine does not have an alkoxy group.

difference between cannabisativine and anhydrocannabisativine

canna hv alcohol go and anhydro hv ether grp (ror)

Biochemical precursor.
indole, imidazole, piperidine,phenylethylamine, pyrrolidine

Indole (tryotophan)
imidazole (histidine)
piperidine (lysine)
phenylethylamine (tyrosine)
pyrrolidine (ornithine)

Indole ring from alkaloid

Have pyrole and benzene ring

imidazole

classification based on chemical structure

-the presence of a heterocyclic nucleus
-absence of heterocyclic nucleus

nonheterocyclic alkaloid

These molecules have a nitrogen atom which is not a part of any ring system. Examples of these include ephedrine, colchicine, erythromycin and capsaicin

pyrrolidine

pyridine

quinoline

isoquinoline

purine

pyrimidine and imidazole

pyrrolizidine

tropolone

Alternative chemcical classification

true aa n
proto aa xn
pseudo x aa n