qal 228 final

The PAUT is still an Ultrasonic instrument and many of its features are similar what is found in traditional units that address mono-element probes.

true

The _____________ functions in the PAUT systems make them much more complicated than the older single channel (mono-element) instruments.

phasing

Ultrasound is very similar to radar or sonar systems but,

the system principals are essentially the same

All flexible PAUT systems use DBF systems. this allows:

each element to be individually phased and amplitude controlled

DBF used in flexible PAUT systems reduce the cost associated with the full electronic control of all channels.

false

Which statement below is correct when talking about axial resolution?

a shorter pulse duration provides better axial resolution

An E-scan (linear scan) focal plane is arced.

false

Industrial PAUT units have taken advantage of many developments made in  the medical instrumentation. What has most of the industrial development revolved around?

industrial development has revolved around making PAUT machines smaller and more portable

Most smaller (miniaturized) PAUT instruments use ___ or ___ pulsers/receivers to create focal laws.

16 to 32

Digitally controlled UT instruments have many advantages over the older analogue units. One of them is the ability to process the signals faster. 

true

Unlike the analogue UT units, digitally controlled UT units have the ability to store settings to memory.

true

A PAUT instrument has a capability of 32/128. What does the 32 represent, and what does the 128 represent?

32 represents pulsers, 128 represents the number of channels that can be used

On a 32/128 PAUT instrument, how many pulser-receivers are available to form a beam for a single focal law?

32

A PAUT instrument was manufactured for 16/64. A 128 element probe can be attached and used.

false

The pulse itself is an analog signal, and the ultrasonic vibration a transducer senses from a reflection generates a voltage across the transducer that is a digital signal.

false

 Bandpass filters are used to eliminate ______________ from _________ and __________ frequency sources.

noise, higher, lower

the pulser-receiver is built on a circuit board and usually includes TCG and gating circuitry. the size is,

no bigger than your finger

What does the video smoothing process do to the rectified A-scan display? 

a curve is used to replace the rectified a-scan, it eliminates “bumps” seen in the simple full wave or half rectification displays

Provide a definition of TCG in simple terms. What does TCG calibration correct?

tcg allows more amplification to be added as time or distance increases, signals from reflectors of the same surface area can be adjusted to the same amplitude at any distance

The manually operated scanner includes an encoder.

true

In order for it to be possible to measure the length and location from PAUT data collected during a scan, a means of coordinating the travel of the probe to the test surface is used. Such tools are called:

positional encoder