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Need to belong theory
states that belongingness (i.e., maintaining at least a minimum number of close, positive relationships) is an essential human need, on par with the need for food, water, and shelter
FOMO
pervasive apprehension that others might be having rewarding experiences from which one is absent
self-concept
a person's image of him- or herself
private self
our inner thoughts, feelings, and actions
Public self
the self as it is projected in one's social life
self-presentation
(aka Impression Management) - process by which people control how they are perceived and evaluated by others
Two components
Self-presentation motivation. Self-presentation construction
self-presentation motivation
Self-presentation is a goal/motivation to be viewed a certain way. First, we might differ in our degree/amount of motivation. Second, we might differ in the kind of images we are motivated to present
self-monitoring
tendency to adapt behavior to fit the demands of the situation. High self-monitors are known as "social chameleons. Low self-monitors value being "authentic"
self-presentation construction
Verbal self-disclosure. Nonverbal behavior. Clothing and accessory choices. Images we chose to display. Online presence
self-identification theory
Posits that we have a set of possible identity images
idealized self-presentation
presenting the self as you would ideally like to be (or be seen as)
selective self-presentation
selectively presenting personal information so as to convey the best possible image of oneself
self-verification theory
People want others to see them as they see themselves and They will take active steps to ensure that others perceive them in ways that confirm their self-views. Argues that people want to be seen accurately (not necessarily positively
authentic self-presentation
presenting an image of ourselves that is consistent with the way we view ourselves
criterion
objective standard against which to measure accuracy
two issues
How accurately do we know ourselves? How accurately do others know us?
self-serving biases
filtering and interpreting information in ways that make ourselves look better
dunning-kruger effect
(meta-ignorance): scope of people's ignorance is often invisible to them
Easier to lie online
Increased anonymity. Increased selectivity
Various online constraints to promote accuracy
Overlap between online and offline communities. Potential for face-to-face interaction. Durability of messages over time