Computers and Information Processing (CSC134) - Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers

A series of flashcards that cover key concepts from the lecture notes on computers, their components, types, uses in society, and information systems.

What is a computer?

A computer is an electronic device that accepts data, processes it according to specified rules, produces results, and stores the results for future use.

What does the information processing cycle consist of?

The information processing cycle consists of input, processing, output, and storage activities.

What are the five components of a computer?

The five components of a computer are hardware, software, data, procedures, and people.

Define data and its relationship to information.

Data is a collection of unprocessed items, while information is data processed in a way that conveys meaning and is useful to people.

What is computer literacy?

Computer literacy involves having a current knowledge and understanding of computers, mobile devices, the web, and related technologies.

What distinguishes supercomputers from personal computers?

Supercomputers are the fastest and most powerful computers, capable of processing more than one quadrillion instructions per second, while personal computers perform all tasks by themselves.

What are the major advantages of using computers?

Advantages include speed, reliability, consistency, storage capabilities, and improved communication.

What is the impact of computers on public safety?

Computers can pose public safety risks, as users can fall victim to crimes, and risks arise from improper usage leading to health issues.

What is green computing?

Green computing involves reducing electricity consumption and environmental waste generated when using computers.

What is an embedded computer?

An embedded computer is a special-purpose computer that functions as a component within a larger product.

What are the elements of an information system?

The elements are hardware, software, data, people, procedures, and the Internet.

What role does the IT department play in an enterprise?

The IT department makes technology decisions, oversees system development, and manages technological resources.

What does a personal computer do?

A personal computer can perform all input, processing, output, and storage activities on its own.

List four types of personal computers.

Desktops, laptops, tablets, and smartphones.

What are some typical uses of computers in society?

Examples include online banking, education, entertainment, and communication.

What does a software analyst do?

A software analyst analyzes users' needs and creates application software.

What are the definitions for system software and application software?

System software is the operating system and utility programs, while application software refers to general-purpose and specialized programs.