DAILY LIFE 3

be surrounded by something

to be all around something/somebody

banks (n)

the side of a river, canal, etc. and the land near it

scenery (n)

the natural features of an area, such as mountains, valleys, rivers and forests, when you are thinking about them being attractive to look at

up (adv)

out of bed

tractor (n)

a powerful vehicle with two large and two smaller wheels, used especially for pulling farm machines

fish farm (n)

a place where fish are bred (= kept in order to produce young) as a business

ranch (n)

a large farm, especially in North America or Australia, where cows, horses, sheep, etc. are bred (= kept in order to produce young)

genetically modified (adj)

(of a plant, etc.) having had its genetic structure changed artificially, so that it will, for example, produce more fruit or not be affected by disease

growing season (n)

the period of the year during which the weather conditions are right for plants to grow

keep (v)

keep something to own and care for animals

pesticide (n)

a chemical used for killing pests, especially insects

vet (n)

a person who has been trained in the science of animal medicine, whose job is to treat animals who are sick or injured

engine (n)

the part of a vehicle that produces power to make the vehicle move

instructor (n)

a person whose job is to teach somebody a practical skill or sport

petrol (n)

a liquid obtained from petroleum, used as fuel in car engines, etc.

van (n)

a covered vehicle with no side windows in its back half, usually smaller than a lorry, used for carrying goods or people

battery (n)

a device that is placed inside a car engine, clock, radio, etc. and that produces the electricity that makes it work

bend (n)

a curve or turn, especially in a road or river

break down

(of a machine or vehicle) to stop working because of a fault

carsick (adj)

feeling sick because you are travelling in a car

carsickness (n)

the unpleasant feeling that you are going to vomit caused by travelling in a car

car wash (n)

a place with special equipment, where you can pay to have your car washed

commute (v)

regularly by bus, train, car, etc. between your place of work and your home

commute (n)

the journey that a person makes when they commute to work

departure (n)

an act of leaving a place

express (n)

a fast train that does not stop at many places

first class (n)

the best and most expensive seats or accommodation on a train, plane or ship

non-stop (adj)

​(of a train, a journey, etc.) without any stops

one-way (adj)

moving or allowing movement in only one direction

pass (n)

an official document or ticket that shows that you have the right to enter or leave a place, to travel on a bus or train, etc.

railroad (n)

a track with rails on which trains run

reservation (n)

an arrangement for a seat on a plane or train, a room in a hotel, etc. to be kept for you

return (n)

a ticket for a journey to a place and back again

round trip (n)

a journey to a place and back again

second class (n)

a way of travelling on a train or ship that costs less and is less comfortable than first class. In the UK this is now usually called standard class.

third class (n)

(especially in the past) in the cheapest and least comfortable part of a train, ship, etc.

window seat (n)

​a seat next to a window in a plane, train or other vehicle

aisle (n)

a passage between rows of seats in a church, theatre, train, etc., or between rows of shelves in a supermarket

boat train (n)

a train that takes passengers to or from a place where a boat arrives or leaves

bus lane (n)

a part of a road that only buses are allowed to use

connection (n)

a train, bus or plane at a station or an airport that a passenger can take soon after getting off another in order to continue their journey

corridor (n)

a passage along the side of some railway trains, from which doors lead into separate compartments

day return (n)

a ticket at a reduced price for a journey to a place and back again on the same day

deck (n)

one of the floors of a ship or a bus

engine driver (n)

a person whose job is driving a railway engine

guard (n)

conductor (= a person who is in charge of a train and travels with it, but does not drive it)

inspector (n)

a person whose job is to check tickets on a bus or train

left luggage office (n)

a place where you can pay to leave bags, cases, etc. for a short time, for example at a station

local (n)

a bus or train that stops at all places on the route

main line (n)

an important railway line between two cities

railroad crossing

a place where a road crosses a railroad at the same level (not on a bridge)

service (n)

an examination of a vehicle or machine followed by any work that is necessary to keep it operating well

terminal (n)

a place, building or set of buildings where journeys by train, bus or boat begin or end

through (adj)

a through train takes you to the final place you want to get to and you do not have to get off and get on another train

tunnel (n)

a passage built underground, for example to allow a road or railway to go through a hill, under a river, etc.

whistle (n)

a piece of equipment that makes a loud, high sound when air or steam is forced through it

aboard (adv, prep)

​on or onto a ship, plane, bus or train

baggage car (n)

(especially in the past) a coach on a train for carrying passengers’ bags, cases, etc.

branch (n)

a smaller or less important part of a river, road, railway, etc. that leads away from the main part

buffet car (n)

​the part of a train where you can buy something to eat and drink

cab (n)

the place where the driver sits in a bus, train or lorry

car (n)

a separate section of a train

carriage (n)

a separate section of a train for carrying passengers

compartment (n)

one of the separate sections that a coach on a train is divided into

container (n)

a large metal or wooden box of a standard size in which goods are packed so that they can easily be lifted onto a ship, train, etc. to be transported

dining car (n)

a coach on a train in which meals are served

double-decker (n)

a bus with two floors, one on top of the other

emergency brake

a brake on a train that can be pulled in an emergency

freight (n)

goods that are transported by ships, planes, trains or lorries; the system of transporting goods in this way

gradient (n)

a slope on a road or railway; the degree to which the ground slopes

guard’s van (n)

(in the past) the part of a train where the person who is in charge of the train used to ride

junction (n)

the place where two or more roads or railway lines meet

light railway (n)

​a railway system in which vehicles similar to trams transport people quickly around cities

luggage rack (n)

a shelf for bags above the seats in a train, bus, etc.

luggage van (n)

baggage car

mass transit (n)

the system of public transport in cities, including the subway, buses, etc.

observation car (n)

a coach on a train with large windows, designed to give passengers a good view of the passing landscape

porter (n)

a person whose job is carrying people’s bags and other loads, especially at a train station, an airport or in a hotel

pull away

(of a vehicle) to start moving

pull in

(of a train) to enter a station and stop

pull out

​(of a train) to leave a station

railcar (n)

​a separate section of a train

rapid transit (n)

the system of fast public transport in cities, especially the subway

request stop (n)

a bus stop where buses stop only if somebody signals to the driver that they want the bus to stop

season ticket (n)

a ticket that you can use many times within a particular period, for example on a regular train or bus journey, or for a series of sports games at a particular stadium, and that costs less than paying separately each time

shuttle (n)

a plane, bus or train that travels regularly between two places

single-decker (n)

a bus with only one level

sleeping car (n)

a coach on a train with beds for people to sleep in

transfer (n)

a ticket that allows a passenger to continue their journey on another bus or train

wagon (n)

a railway truck for carrying goods

corner (n)

a sharp bend in a road

instructor (n)

a person whose job is to teach somebody a practical skill or sport

motorway (n)

a wide road, with at least two lanes in each direction, where traffic can travel fast for long distances between large towns. You can only enter and leave motorways at special junctions.

roof (n)

the structure that covers or forms the top of a building or vehicle

block (n)

the length of one side of a piece of land or group of buildings, from the place where one street crosses it to the next

company car (n)

​a car that is provided by the company that you work for

cyclist (n)

a person who rides a bicycle

divide (v)

(of a road or river) to separate into two or more parts that lead in different directions

drive away

to leave in a vehicle; to take somebody away in a vehicle

driverless (adj)

(of a vehicle) that has the technology to drive itself without a person in control