Nervous System Quiz

What are the 4 lobes of the cerebrum?

Frontal, Parietal, Temporal, Occipital.

What is the function of the frontal lobe?

Personality characteristics, decision-making, movement, speech, and smell.

What does the parietal lobe help with?

Object identification, spatial relationships, pain, and touch.

What are the main functions of the temporal lobe?

Short-term memory, speech, and rhythm.

What is the primary function of the occipital lobe?

Vision.

List 3 functions of the cerebellum.

Balance, movement, and memory.

Where is the medulla oblongata located?

It is located at the lowest portion of the brain stem.

What are two functions of the medulla oblongata?

Regulates circulation and breathing.

What are functions of the hypothalamus?

Regulates hunger/thirst, sex drive, mood, sleep, and blood pressure.

What is an action potential?

A rapid sequence of changes in the voltage across a membrane used by neurons to transmit signals.

What does an action potential involve?

A change in the neuron's charge, firing of the action potential, and travel down the axon.

What is the function of cerebrospinal fluid?

It protects the brain and spinal cord.

Where is cerebrospinal fluid located?

In hollow spaces of the brain and spinal cord.

What is gray matter?

The outer layer of the brain with a high concentration of neuronal bodies, controlling movement, memory, and emotions.

What is white matter?

Connects neurons from different brain regions to each other.

What is depolarization in a neuron?

A rapid increase in electrical potential across a neuron's cell membrane.

What causes depolarization?

The opening of sodium ion channels within the plasma membrane allows an influx of cations.

What is the function of the amygdala?

It serves as a major emotion processing center and is involved in memory and decision-making.

Where is the amygdala located?

Just above the ear in the temporal lobes.

What is the role of the hippocampus?

Responsible for memory and learning.

Where is the hippocampus found?

In the inner folds of the temporal lobe.

What is a Schwann cell?

A type of glial cell that surrounds neurons.

What is the function of Schwann cells?

They provide protection to neurons and form myelin sheath around nerve fibers.

What are Nodes of Ranvier?

Specialized regions in the neuron between Schwann cells that are not insulated by myelin.

What is the myelin sheath?

An insulating layer that forms around nerves, made of protein and fats to enable quick and efficient electrical impulses.

What is saltatory conduction?

The process by which action potentials are rapidly spread along myelinated neurons by jumping from one node to another at the Nodes of Ranvier.