Chapter 4 - Skin and Body Membranes PowerPoint

What are the primary functions of body membranes?

Cover body surfaces, line body cavities, and form protective sheets around organs.

What are the two major categories of body membranes?

Epithelial membranes and connective tissue membranes.

What type of epithelium is the cutaneous membrane composed of?

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.

What do mucous membranes line?

All body cavities that open to the exterior surface.

What types of fluid do serous membranes secrete?

Serous fluid, which separates visceral and parietal layers.

What is the function of synovial membranes?

To secrete lubricating fluid to cushion organs moving against each other.

What are the main functions of the integumentary system?

Insulating and cushioning deeper organs, protecting from damage, regulating heat loss, and synthesizing vitamin D.

What pigment is responsible for skin color?

Melanin, which is produced by melanocytes.

What is the most common type of skin cancer?

Basal cell carcinoma.

What characterizes malignant melanoma?

It is the most deadly skin cancer and is often detected using the ABCDE rule.

What is the composition of the epidermis?

Stratified squamous epithelium with most cells being keratinocytes.

What are the two layers of the dermis?

Papillary layer and reticular layer.

What are the primary components of hair?

Keratinized epithelial cells produced by hair follicles.

What are sebaceous glands?

Holocrine glands that produce sebum to keep hair and skin moist.

What are the two types of sweat glands?

Eccrine glands and apocrine glands.

What is the rule of nines used for?

Estimating the extent of burns on the body.

What are the characteristics of first-degree burns?

Damage is only to the epidermis; skin is red and swollen.

What does the term 'erythema' refer to?

Redness of the skin due to embarrassment, inflammation, or other causes.

Which cells in the epidermis alert the immune system?

Epidermal dendritic cells.

What features are found in the papillary layer of the dermis?

Dermal papillae that contain capillary loops and touch receptors.

What do nails consist of?

Heavily keratinized, scalelike modifications of the epidermis.

What changes occur in skin with aging?

Loss of elasticity and thinning of the skin.