Apologetics Test #1

What is Luke 10:26?

Love the lord with all your soul, heart, mind, and strength.

What are the 3 Laws of Logic?

1. Law of Identity

2. Law of noncontradiction

3. Law of the excluded middle

What are the two types of arguments?

Deductive & Inductive reasoning

What 3 things must all arguments have?

1. Soundness

2. Validity

3. Cogency

If p, then q

~q

Therefore ~p

Modus Tollens

P or q

~p

Therefore q

Disjunctive Syllogism

If p, then q

P

Therefore q

Modus Ponens

If p, then q

If q then r

Therefore if p then r

Hypothetical Syllogism

Away from logic and based on emotion.

Appeal to Pity

Distorting an opponent's view to make it easier to attack.

Straw Man

Setting up a scenario where you must be either of, even if there is a 3rd option.

False Dilemma

Noting similar properties and inferring similar properties.

Weak Analogy

Assumption is based on a percentage of knowledge.

Hasty Generalizations

Cites the absence of evidence as evidence against a proposition.

Argument from ignorance

Concluding that a dire effect may be caused through a series of causes.

Slippery Slope

Use of opinion polls.

Appeal to the people

Against the person, not the topic.

Ad Hominem

The conclusion is smuggled in or assumed by 1 of the premises.

Begging the question

Asking a loaded question that assumes one of two things.

Complex Question

A term is used in a different sense in two different premises.

Equivocation

1 Peter 3:15-16

"Always be ready to make your __________ to anyone who demands from you an accounting for the __________ that is in you; do it with __________ and __________.

defense, hope, gentleness, reverence

What is Apologetics?

To defend your faith

Apologetics is important in what 3 areas:

1. Shaping Culture

2. Strengthening Believers

3. Winning Unbelievers

What is good (or evil), right (or wrong)?

Value

What has a goal, a culminating endpoint, and a defining destination?

Purpose

What has extrinsic significance, importance, weight, substance, and heft?

Meaning

What answer to the "Dilemma of modern man" pursues self-fulfillment regardless of social coherence?

Madhouse

What is the lower story?

In the lower story is the finite world without God; here, life is absurd or physical.

What is the upper story?

In the upper story are meaning, value, and purpose.