Psychiatric Disorders

Axis I

Psychiatric diagnosis (except for personality disorders and mental retardation)

Axis II

Personality disorders or MR

Axis III

General medical conditions relevant to person’s mental disorder

Axis IV

Psychosocial and environmental disorders affecting disorder

Axis V

Global assessment of functioning (scale )-100)

Psychosis

•Individual out of touch with reality and severe personality deterioration, impaired perception and judgement, hallucinations and delusions

•Does not recognize there is a problem

•Treatment often requires hospitalization with regular follow-up through outpatient facility

Neurosis

-Reality oriented                                              

-Behavior socially acceptable                       

-Interacts with real environment                     

-No delusions/hallucinations                            

-Insight                                                                 

-Coping mechanisms                                        

-Outpatient treatment if any                           

  needed

Delirium

´Acute, rapid onset

´Disorientation

´Incoherent thought content

´Impaired cognitive function

´Symptoms worsen at night

´Illusions/hallucinations

´Tx. Determine cause

´Prognosis: Guarded

Dementia

´Slow and progressive

´Impaired memory/judgment

´Personality changes

´Decreased cognitive function

´Impaired orientation

´Tx. Determine cause

´Prognosis: Poor (slow deterioration)

Sundowner Syndrome

Display increased disorientation and agitation only during evenings and night time

Pre-dromal phase

often begins in adolescence, lack of energy, motivation, withdrawal, blunted affect, odd beliefs and ideas, excessive interest in philosophy or religion, ignore self-care and hygiene, speech difficult to follow, multiple physical complaints, magical thinking

Pre-psychotic phase

prefers to be alone, hallucinations & delusions may be present, odd suspicious or eccentric behaviors

Acute phase

disturbance in thought, perception, emotion and behavior, often loses contact with reality and unable to function in basic ways

Residual phase

symptoms similar to prodromal phase, follows acute phase, remission phase after this, relief of symptoms, able to manage basic activities, fair to poor recovery prognosis due to complex nature of disorder

ECT treatment process

10 treatments over several weeks

Mood as defined by DSM5

prolonged emotion affecting a persons psyche

Cyclothymic Disorder

Pattern involving repeated mood swings of hypomania and depression though less intense

Common antidepressants

fluoxetine

Prozac

trazodone

amitriptyline

venlafaxine

Cluster A Personality Disorder — Odd or Eccentric Behavior

Schizoid personality disorder

Paranoid personality disorder

Schizotypal personality disorder

Cluster B Personality Disorder — Dramatic, Emotional, or Erratic Behavior

Antisocial personality disorder

Borderline personality disorder

Narcissistic personality disorder

Cluster C Personality Disorder —- Anxious Fearful Behavior

Avoidant personality disorder

Dependent personality disorder

Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder