ryanef123: Complete Denture (Midterm Exam): Week 1

Define the following:

The replacement of all of the natural teeth in an arch and their associated parts by artificial substitutes. They are supported by the edentulous ridges and the mucosa

Complete denture prosthodontics

Why do we learn about complete denture?

- Number of adults needing complete denture is increasing

- Learn about occlusion

- Learn about tooth anatomy, tooth position, and esthetic

Custom trays edges are reduced so they are a couple millimeters short of the ________

Entire peripheral roll

________ is performed to develop correct width and height of the extensions of the tray

Border molding

What plane do you adjust the occlusal rim according to?

Camper's plane (ala-tragus)

What clinical visit number includes the following:

- Completion of the electronic records

- Complete the patient's interviews and health history on AxiUm

- Determine the diagnosis and the treatment plan

- Complete the Denture Interview and Evaluation Form

- Have your P.C. approve all of the above

- Obtain a prosthodontic consultation

First clinical visit

What house classification is the following:

One who willingly accepts the dentists judgement

Philosophical

What house classification is the following:

One who is demanding, involved and has many questions

Exacting

What house classification is the following:

One who has low motivation, appreciation, and will easily give up

Indifferent

What house classification is the following:

Unstable and never satisfied

Hysterical

According to the House Classification, what kind of patient has the worst prognosis?

A. Philosophical

B. Exacting

C. Indifferent

D. Hysterical

C. Indifferent

T/F: Trays are made with stock tray, which can be constructed either in metal or plastic and may be perforated or unperforated

True

When taking the preliminary impression, the height and width of the residual ridges should be observed to select the proper tray. An edentulous stock tray that is approximately ____mm larger than the outside surface of the residual ridge is selected.

5mm

It is particularly important for preliminary mandibular impression in the area of the lingual flange. If the tray is not extended beyond the ___________, the lateral border of the tongue will wash off all the alginate and the impression obtained will not capture the lingual area. As a result, the custom will be under extended and a large amount of compound for border molding will need to be added to compensate for this deficiency. However, compound material is brittle and extending the custom tray with compound over 2 mm with is very challenging.

Mylohyoid ridge

Even a correctly selected stock tray will not fit the denture bearing area perfectly. Therefore when the impression is made, the objective is to obtain a preliminary impression that is slightly overextended around the borders.

It is advisable to select an impression material that has a relatively high viscosity (mucocompressive), thereby allowing the material to compensate more easily for the deficiency of the tray. The most suitable material is ____________

Alginate

Why do you need to block out any undercuts when making the custom trays?

Because the triad used to make custom trays shrinks and if the undercuts are not blocked out, the custom trays would be locked/stuck after curing

How should you seat the patient when taking a maxillary impression?

Upright

How should you seat the patient when taking a mandibular impression?

45 degrees back

Define the following:

The shaping of the border areas of an impression tray by functionally or manually manipulating the tissue adjacent to the tray borders in order to duplicate the contour and size of the peripheral roll areas

Border molding

When would you absolutely have to retake maxillary impressions?

If you do not have the entire left and right hamular notches included on the impression!!

When would you absolutely have to retake mandibular preliminary impressions?

If you do not have the entire retromolar pads and retromylohyoid areas on the impression!!

T/F: All impressions MUST be disinfected before leaving the dental operatory

True

What is the deformation rate of alginate?

1 µm / min

T/F: You should not rinse the preliminary impression under cool running tap water

False - rinse the impression and shake off excess before saturating with lodophor disinfectant (wrap in a wet towel until pouring cast --> poor ASAP)

When taking an alginate impression of the edentulous patient, it is important to use a finger and place alginate where? Why?

Place alginate with your finger into the palatal vault, peripheral walls (maxilla) and vestibular folds (mandible) - Be sure there are no voids under the alginate material

This allows you to capture all of the necessary anatomy

Define the following:

_______ is from the midline crest of the residual ridge, anteriorly, to the crests of the left and right tuberosities, posteriorly.

mean foundation plane of the maxillary cast

Define the following:

________ is from the crest of the residual ridge in the anterior region to the area where the ascending rami begin in the posterior region.

mean foundation plane (MFP) for the mandible cast

T/F: The posterior points of references for the mean foundation plane (MFP) for the mandible cast are the left and right retromolar pads.

FALSE - they are NOT (it is the crest of the residual ridge in the anterior region to the area where the ascending rami begin in the posterior region)

What is the degree of bevel needed around the entire cast prior to making the custom trays?

45 degrees

On the model trimmer, remove all of the excess plaster from the sides of the base portion of the maxillary and mandibular cast. Trim these areas up to a surface which is about _____mm lateral to the depth line of the facial peripheral roll line.

10mm

When you adjust the thickness of the base for a preliminary cast, the palatal vault is the thinnest area and should be about ____ mm thick

15mm

About how many clinical visits does it take to complete a set of complete dentures?

5-6

ID the area in green:

Labial vestibule

ID the area in blue:

Buccal vestibule

ID the area in yellow:

Posterior palatal seal

What has the following characteristics:

- Limiting structures: from buccal frenum to buccal frenum on the labial side of the maxillary ridge.

- Includes: Labial frenum, orbicularis oris.

Labial vestibule

What has the following characteristics:

Fold of mucous membrane at the median line. It contains no muscle and has no action of its own. The labial notch of the denture should be just wide enough and just deep enough to allow the frenum to pass through it without manipulation of the lip.

Labial Frenum

What has the following characteristics:

- Main muscle of the lips. It lies and rests upon the labial flange and teeth of a denture.

- Its tone depends on the support it receives from the thickness of the labial flange and the position of the teeth on the arch.

Orbicularis oris

the labial vestibule comprises what muscle?

obicularis oris

the lips are normally supported by what structures?

labial flange and cervical 3rd of teeth

the labial frenum provides attachment/support for what muscle?

none

What has the following characteristics:

Limiting structures: from the buccal frenum to the hamular notch (synonym: pterygo-maxillary notch)

Maxillary buccal vestibule

The _________ frenum is sometimes single, sometimes double, and sometimes broad and fan-shaped

Buccal

What requires more clearance: the buccal or lingual frenum?

Buccal

the buccal frenum provides attachment/support for what muscle?

buccinator m.

The buccinator muscle in the cheek extends from the _________ (anteriorly) to the ____________ (posteriorly)

Buccal frenum, pterygo-mandibular raphe

Define the following:

Fissure situated between the tuberosity of the maxilla and the hamulus of the pterygoid plate

Pterygomaxillary notch or Hamular notch

What two structures form the hamular notch?

- Hamulus

- Maxillary tuberosity

What is the most distal extension of the maxillary denture?

posterior palatal seal area

What is the line between mobile and non-mobile soft palate?

posterior palatal seal area

What has the following characteristics:

- Location of anterior outline of _____; a ball-ended burnisher use to press gently against the hard palate and gradually worked backward until displaceable tissue could be located.

- Establishing depth; by pressing a ball-ended burnisher against soft tissue of _____ to approximate the amount of displacement.

Posterior palatal seal area

What has the following characteristics:

- Indentations near the midline of the palate that are formed by a coalescence of several mucous gland ducts.

- Landmark as the vibrating line is often anterior to

the __________

Fovae palatinae

To identify the vibrating line, what should the patient say?

"Ah"

What has the following characteristics:

- Located in the palate on the median line and comes nearer to the crest of the ridge as resorption progresses.

- Should be relieved routinely to prevent impingement on the nasopalatine nerves and blood vessels as they pass through the nasopalatine foramen

- Pressure in this area is interpreted by the patient typically as a "burning sensation"

Incisive papilla

The _______ is a thickness of tissue over the nasopalatine nerve and serves to help protect the neurovascular vessels

- Important anatomical landmark for fabricating wax rims and setting teeth as its position does not change much after teeth are extracted

incisive papilla

Define the following:

In the area of the rugae, the palate is set at an angle to the residual ridge and is rather thinly covered by soft tissue.

Palatal rugae

Define the following:

As it resorbs and may have some nutrient canal and sharp spicules of bone or when the crest of the ridge is knife-edge shaped

Residual ridge

What has the following characteristics:

- The most distal portion of the maxillary alveolar ridge.

- Needs to be assessed prior to starting treatment as it often extrudes leading to a lack of prosthetic space

- It has tendency of enlargement

maxillary tuberosity

ID the structure:

Maxillary tuberosity

What has the following characteristics:

In the region of the medial ___________, the submucosa is extremely thin, with the result that the submucosa is practically in contact with the bone. For this reason, the soft tissue covering the ___________ is non-resilient and may need to be relieved to avoid trauma from the denture base.

Palatal suture

The mandibular labial vestibule is limited inferiorly by the _________ muscle

Mentalis

What has the following characteristics:

- Limiting structures: from the buccal frenum to the lateral aspect of the retromolar pad.

- Includes: buccal frenum, buccinator, masseter.

Mandibular buccal vestibule

What muscle keeps food in but the cheek and air out?

Buccinator

What muscle is for powerful jaw closure and protrusion?

Masseter

ID the region in green:

Labial vestibule

ID the region in blue:

Buccal vestibule

ID the region in yellow:

Alveololingual sulcus

ID #1:

labial frenum

ID #2:

labial vestibule

ID #3:

buccal frenum

ID #4:

buccal vestibule

ID #5:

corono-maxillary space/Retro-zygomatic area

ID #6:

hamular notch (pterygomandibular notch)

ID #7:

posterior palatal seal area

ID #8:

fovea palatine

ID #9:

mid-palatal suture

ID #10:

maxillary rugae

ID #11:

incisive papilla

ID #1:

labial notch

ID #2:

labial flange

ID #3:

buccal notch

ID #4:

buccal flange

ID #5:

retro-zygomatic flange

ID #6:

hamular notch/pterygomandibular notch

ID #7:

posterior palatal seal area

ID #8:

mid-palatal suture relief

ID #9:

maxillary rugae

ID #10:

incisive papilla relief

ID #6

Midpalatine raphae

ID #7

Residual ridge

ID #12

Lingual vestibule

ID #13

Mylohyoid area

ID #14

Retromylohyoid area

ID #1

Labial vestibule

ID #2

Incisive papilla

ID #3

Labial frenum

ID #4

Buccal frenum

ID #5

Rugae

ID #6

Midpalatine raphae

ID #7

Residual ridge