Chapter 15 - India and the Indian Ocean Basin

Buzurg ibn Shahriyar

wrote the Book of the Wonders of India.

In regard to political structure, postclassical India

developed no single centralized imperial authority.

An invasion in 451 C.E. by the White Huns began the collapse of the

Gupta dynasty.

After the collapse of the Gupta dynasty in the fifth century, India would not be completely reunited until the

sixteenth century.

The scholarly Buddhist emperor who reunited northern India in the seventh century was

Harsha

In 711, the northern Indian area of Sind fell to the

Umayyad dynasty

Islam reached India by all of the following routes EXCEPT

missionaries sent by the emperor Harsha.

The Islamic ruler who led seventeen different raiding expeditions into India in the eleventh century was

Mahmud of Ghazni

Mahmud of Ghazni's main inspiration for visiting India in the eleventh century was to

plunder

Northern India was dominated from the twelfth through the early sixteenth century by the

Delhi sultanate

The Delhi sultans were

never able to expand their control beyond northern India

The wealthy trading state that controlled southern India from 850 through 1267 was

the Chola kingdom

The kingdoms of southern India were mainly

Hindu.

In 1336, Harihara and Bukka, two emissaries from the Delhi sultan, renounced Islam, reconverted to Hinduism, and founded the southern kingdom of

Vijayanagar.

Vijayanagar, the name of a southern Indian kingdom, means

"city of victory."

The presence of the changing monsoon winds ensured that

irrigation was necessary in arid southern India.

From 53 million in 600 C.E., the population of India rose by 1500 C.E. to

105 million.

Hindu temples

played an important role in the agricultural and financial development of southern India.

India was a natural location for the establishment of emporia because of

its central location in the Indian Ocean basin.

During the postclassical age, the caste system

became securely established in southern India for the first time.

The words "One should engage himself in singing of Me, praising Me . . .," are drawn from what ninth-century Indian document?

Bhagavata Purana

By around 1500 what portion of the total Indian population was Muslim?

one-fourth

The bhakti movement

sought to erase the distinction between Hinduism and Islam.

The bhakti teacher Guru Kabir believed

that Shiva, Vishnu, and Allah were all manifestations of a single, universal deity.

Which of the following Indian concepts did NOT become popular in the southeast Asian states influenced by India?

the caste system

The first southeast Asian state to reflect Indian influence was centered on its capital port city of Oc Eo. What was its name?

Funan

Funan dominated the lower reaches of which southeast Asian river?

Mekong

The kingdom of Srivijaya

was located on Sumatra and maintained a sea trade route between China and India.

The design of the Khmer temples at Angkor Thom and Angkor Wat show

the influence of both Hindu and Buddhist traditions.

The temples of Angkor Thom and Angkor Wat were built by the rulers of what kingdom?

Khmer

Which of the following states had its base in Cambodia?

Angkor

Paramesvara was known for

founding the kingdom of Melaka.

Which of the following states was most heavily influenced by Islam?

Melaka

The biggest difference between Melaka and the other states influenced by India was that Melaka

became predominantly Islamic.

King Harsha permanently restored unified rule to most of India and sought to revive imperial authority.

False

Mahmud of Ghazni had more of an interest in plundering India's wealth rather than in ruling India.

True

The two kingdoms that dominated southern India from the ninth through the sixteenth centuries were Chola and Vijayanagar.

True

During the fourteenth century, cities in southern India grew fast, partly due to increasing agricultural productivity.

True

Dhows and junks enabled traders to leave behind the coastlines and sail the blue waters of the Indian Ocean.

True

The caste system did not adjust to the migration of new people into Indian society, as it segregated migrants.

False

The two most important deities in the Hindu pantheon were Vishnu and Shiva.

True

Ramanuja was a brahmin philosopher who was a devotee of Shiva and held that the physical world was an illusion

False

By 1500, Muslims numbered about one-quarter of the subcontinent's population.

True

In India, as elsewhere, the most effective agents of conversion to Islam were Sufi mystics.

True