Obstetrics

Infertility

A decrease in the ability to reproduce, which may be due to dysfunction in either partner.

Sterility

The complete absence of reproductive ability.

Clomiphene (Clomid)

A drug used to promote follicular maturation and ovulation in women with functioning pituitary and ovaries.

Tocolytic Drugs

Medications used to suppress uterine muscle activity and manage preterm labor.

Oxytocin (Pitocin)

A synthetic form of posterior pituitary hormone that stimulates the frequency, duration, and force of uterine contractions.

RhoGAM (Rho D immunoglobulin)

A medication used to prevent isoimmunization in Rh-negative mothers carrying Rh-positive babies.

Beta 2 Adrenergic Agonist

A class of drugs used as tocolytics to suppress uterine muscle activity.

Cervical Ripening

The process of softening of the cervix to prepare for labor.

Cannabinoid

A key substance that affects the endocannabinoid system in the body.

Drug interactions

Situations where one drug affects the pharmacological effect of another.

Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART)

Medical procedures used to address infertility and include in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).

In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)

A process by which an egg is fertilized by sperm outside the body, in vitro.

Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI)

A specialized form of IVF that involves injecting a single sperm directly into an egg.

Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT)

Genetic testing performed on embryos before implantation during an IVF cycle.

Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS)

A condition that occurs when the ovaries respond excessively to fertility medications.

Semen Analysis

A laboratory test that evaluates the health and viability of a man's sperm.

Luteal Phase Deficiency

A condition in which the body does not produce enough progesterone after ovulation.

Artificial Insemination

A fertility treatment that involves directly inserting sperm into a woman's reproductive tract.

Uterine Receptivity

The period in the menstrual cycle when the endometrium is primed for embryo implantation.

Endometriosis

A medical condition where tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus, often

Fertility Medications

Drugs used to enhance reproductive function, including stimulation of ovulation and support of luteal phase.

Gonadotropins

Hormones used in fertility treatments to stimulate the ovaries to produce eggs.

Letrozole

An aromatase inhibitor used to treat infertility by inducing ovulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Metformin

A medication used to manage insulin levels, often prescribed to women with PCOS to improve fertility.

Progesterone Supplementation

Administration of progesterone to support the luteal phase during assisted reproductive technology.

Aromatase Inhibitors

Drugs that block the conversion of androgens to estrogens, promoting natural ovulation.

Antagonists in ART

Medications used to prevent premature ovulation during controlled ovarian stimulation.

FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone)

A crucial hormone in regulating the reproductive processes, often used in hormone treatments to induce ovulation.

Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Agonists

Medications that stimulate the release of gonadotropins (LH and FSH) from the pituitary gland, used in treating certain types of infertility.

Progesterone

A hormone important for regulating the menstrual cycle and maintaining pregnancy; often used in fertility treatments.

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

A hormone that plays a crucial role in triggering ovulation and is used for hormone treatments in assisted reproductive technology.

hCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin)

A hormone used to trigger ovulation in women and supports the early stages of pregnancy; often administered as an injection.

Letrozole vs Clomiphene

Letrozole is an aromatase inhibitor used to induce ovulation, while Clomiphene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator.

Bromocriptine

A medication used to treat hyperprolactinemia, a condition that can interfere with ovulation and fertility.

Carboplatin

A chemotherapy drug that may be utilized in the management of certain cancers affecting fertility.

Anastrozole

An aromatase inhibitor similar to Letrozole, used to treat infertility by promoting natural ovulation.

Cabergoline

A medication that lowers prolactin levels, often used for women experiencing ovulatory dysfunction.

Mifepristone

A medication used to initiate abortion, but also has applications in managing certain reproductive health conditions.