HIS 202 US History 1877 to Present - Chapter 24 Study Guide

Flashcards for US History 1877 to Present, Chapter 24: The New Era, 1920-1929

Who was “Sister” Aimee Semple McPherson and why is she significant?

An evangelist; She was significant for her use of modern media to reach a large audience with her religious message.

Summarize the factors that led to tremendous economic growth in the United States following World War One.

Factors include technological advancements, increased production efficiency, availability of credit, and government policies favorable to business.

Who was Henry Ford and why was he significant?

He was the founder of the Ford Motor Company and revolutionized the automobile industry with the assembly line and mass production techniques, making cars more affordable.

How did the automobile change the way Americans lived?

It increased mobility, created new industries, spurred suburban growth, and changed leisure activities and social patterns.

Describe the trend towards corporate consolidation during the 1920s.

Many companies merged or were acquired, leading to larger and more powerful corporations dominating industries.

What was the American Plan and what was its impact on businesses and workers?

The American Plan was a strategy used by businesses to promote union-free workplaces. It weakened unions and limited workers' rights.

Examine the rise and spread of American consumerism. How did it impact the lives of everyday citizens?

Consumerism rose with increased advertising, availability of credit, and mass-produced goods, leading to a greater emphasis on purchasing and owning material possessions.

What changes were reflected in the emergence of the New Woman during the time period?

The New Woman embraced modern fashion, challenged traditional gender roles, sought education and careers, and asserted their independence.

Who was Margaret Sanger and why was she significant?

She was a birth control activist who advocated for women's reproductive rights and access to contraception.

What social/employment opportunities opened up for women in the 20s?

Women found opportunities in office work, teaching, nursing, and sales. Some also entered professions like journalism and law.

What was the Equal Rights Amendment and why was it significant?

Proposed to guarantee equal rights for women; It failed to gain widespread support and was not ratified.

Identify the new forms of Mass Media and their impact.

Radio, movies, and newspapers had a major impact. They helped to standardize culture, disseminate information, and provide entertainment to a broad audience.

Discuss the impact of jazz music during the time period.

Jazz music became a symbol of the era. It reflected cultural blending and challenged social norms.

What changes were reflected in the emergence of the New Negro during the time period?

The New Negro movement promoted racial pride, celebrated African American culture, and advocated for civil rights and equality.

Who was Marcus Garvey and why was he significant? What organization for African Americans did he establish?

He was a Black nationalist leader who advocated for racial separation and the establishment of an independent Black nation. He established the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA).

What was the Harlem Renaissance and why was it significant?

A flowering of African American artistic and intellectual creativity. It promoted Black identity and culture.

Who was Claude McKay and what did his poetry reflect about the ideas of the Harlem Renaissance?

A poet whose work reflected the themes of racial identity, social justice, and Black pride.

Who were the “Defenders of the Faith” and what do they reflect about the about the cultural changes of the 1920s.

Individuals who defended traditional religious beliefs and values. They reflect the cultural tensions between modernism and traditionalism.

What factors gave rise to Nativism during the 20s?

Increased immigration, fear of foreign ideologies, and social anxieties gave rise to Nativism during the 20s.

What was the National Origins Act and how does it relate to Nativism during the 1920s?

A law that severely restricted immigration based on national origin. It discriminated against immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe and Asia.

What was the 18th Amendment and why was it significant?

Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcohol. It was significant because it led to widespread bootlegging and organized crime.

What was the impact of Prohibition?

Organized crime increased, respect for the law declined, and speakeasies and bootlegging became common.

What was Fundamentalism and why was it significant?

A conservative religious movement that emphasized the literal interpretation of the Bible. It was significant because it represented a reaction to modernism and secularism.

Describe the issues and events involved in the Scopes Trial. What does this case reveal about the cultural tensions of the era?

The Scopes Trial involved a teacher accused of teaching evolution in a Tennessee public school. It revealed the cultural conflict between science and religion, modernism and traditionalism.

What factors led to the reappearance of the Ku Klux Klan during the time period? How was this new Klan different? How did it reflect the cultural tensions of the era?

Social anxieties, Nativism, and a desire to preserve white supremacy led to its reappearance. This new Klan targeted immigrants, Catholics, Jews, and African Americans. Reflected cultural tensions.

What were the “Politics of Normalcy” and how did they influence the Warren G. Harding and Calvin Coolidge administrations?

A return to conservative policies and limited government intervention in the economy. These policies influenced both Harding and Coolidge.

Identify the following individuals and how they reflected the ideas of “associationalism”: Andrew Mellon Herbert Hoover

Andrew Mellon (Secretary of the Treasury): Advocated for tax cuts and fiscal conservatism. Herbert Hoover (Secretary of Commerce/President) promoted cooperation between government and business.

What was the Great Flood of 1927 and why was it significant?

A devastating natural disaster that caused widespread flooding and destruction in the Mississippi River Valley; It highlighted the government's inadequate response to natural disasters.

Identify the Following Terms and relate to the attempt to resolve problems related to World War I: The Dawes Plan Kellogg-Briand Pact

The Dawes Plan (US loans to Germany to pay war reparations) and the Kellogg-Briand Pact (an international agreement to outlaw war).

What factors contributed to the Great Bull Market of the 1920s?

Increased speculation, easy credit, and rising stock prices.

Describe the Stock Market Crash of October 1929 and its impact.

The stock market crashed, leading to a loss of wealth and confidence. It triggered a severe economic downturn.

What other factors combined with the Stock Market Crash to trigger the Great Depression?

Overproduction, income inequality, banking failures, and international economic problems.