lesson 2 fundamental reading skills

reading

it is a complex cognitive process

reading

highly visual because it involves the transmission of messages through optical nerves

reading

is a language skill which can be developed through constant practice

true

true or false
reading can be more meaningful if it will be viewed as an interactive process between the writer and the reader

to inform
to entertain
to persuade
to actuate

for the texts to achieve their purpose which may be:

coherence

means a text must be composed of sentences with connected ideas presented in a logical arrangement

true

true or false
a coherent text, which can be spoken or written, is a connected discourse

microlinguistic

Frequency counts, information structure, and text linguistic devices

macrolinguistic

genre and levels of discourse of texts

discourse

can be distinguished in terms of register or vocabulary and genre, which refers to the conventional style, format, and subject of a text

genre

classifies texts based on external criteria such as activities which regularly occur in society, text type classifies texts based on similarities in linguistic forms and patterns

pre-reading
while-reading
post-reading

reading process

pre-reading stage

It aims to motivate the readers to read and to activate their schema or background knowledge.

pre-reading stage

previewing
freewriting
surveying
questioning
making assumptions about the author
identifying the purpose
selecting a reading system such as SQ3R

while-reading stage

you may reread the text until you fully understand its meaning. the skills used in this stage include getting the meaning of words through context clues, predicting, inferencing, monitoring comprehension, annotating the text, and reflecting

post-reading stage

you have to check the understanding of the text. the skills used in this stage include reflecting, summarizing, paraphrasing, drawing conclusions, making graphic organizers and journal writing

rapid reading
previewing
literal reading
inferential reading
critical reading

basic reading skills

rapid reading

aims to locate specific information or main ideas in a very short span of time

skimming
locating the main idea
scanning

under rapid reading:

skimming

a type of quick reading which aims to get the main idea and overview of the material

skimming

usually done when reading newspapers, magazines, books, and letter

locating the main idea

is a reading skill which involves identifying the central message of a reading selection

scanning

it is a quick reading strategy which aims to get specific information from a given text

previewing

is a skill wherein a reader looks over a material and focuses on the information he/she finds relevant.

previewing

allows readers to set the purpose and link the content of the material to their background knowledge. it is conducted during the pre-reading stage.

browsing

- inspecting unhurriedly the table of contents, introduction or summary is also a previewing technique.

literal reading

involves the understanding of ideas and facts that are directly stated in the printed material

literal reading

this skill includes note-taking, paraphrasing, and summarizing. these are typically done in the postreading stage

summarizing

it is a technique that involves condensing a lengthy text into a shorter passage which is usually 15 to 30 percent of the source material while retaining its essence

paraphrasing

imvolves restating ideas from the original text

true

true or false
the length of a paraphrased text is almost similar to the length of the original text because it focuses on the details and not on the main idea

inferential reading

refers to the process of deducing facts and ideas not directly expressed in the text

inferential reading

it is also known as "reading between the lines"

inferential reading

This skill includes making generalizations, inferences, and conclusions. this is applied during the while-reading stage

inference

is an idea drawn from facts or details in the text

critical reading

refers to the close and thorough evaluation of the claims in the text in terms of relevance, validity and logic

critical reading

this skill includes distinguishing facts from opinions and detecting logical fallacies. happens in the while-reading stage