Cannabis

Cannabis

Comes from Cannabis sativa and Cannabis indica; contains cannabinoids like THC and CBD and has stimulant, depressant, and hallucinogenic effects depending on quantity and user.

THC (Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol)

The primary psychoactive component in cannabis, increasing from roughly 1% in the 1970s to 15-20% by late 2017.

Cannabinoids

Chemical compounds found in cannabis that include THC and CBD, impacting the brain and body.

Short-term effects of cannabis

Positive effects include euphoria and relaxation; negative effects can include confusion, anxiety, and impaired memory.

Long-term health effects of cannabis use

Chronic use can lead to addiction, impaired memory, bronchitis, and increased health risks, particularly if started in adolescence.

Prefrontal cortex

Brain area responsible for planning, judgment, and decision-making; one of the last areas to develop.

Limbic system

Brain system involved in seeking reward and gratification; develops quickly during adolescence.

Cannabis Act (Canada)

Federal law governing the production, distribution, sale, and possession of cannabis in Canada, setting 18 or 19 as the legal age depending on the province.

Impairment due to cannabis

Cannabis can impair driving by affecting motor skills, slowing reaction time, and impairing memory and decision-making.

Criminal penalties for cannabis offenses

Possession above limits can result in fines or jail time; illegal distribution can lead to up to 14 years in prison.

Methods of cannabis consumption

Cannabis can be consumed through smoking, drinking, eating, or vaporizing.

Cannabis use among Canadian youth

Youth aged 15-24 have a high prevalence of cannabis use, with 44% of those 16-19 reporting use in the past year.