chem calculations

Calculate Moles (n)

Mass of sample/Formula mass

Calculate Concentration

Moles/Volume

Calculate molar gas volume

mols x 24.0

Calculate number of particles

moles x 6.02×10²³

Ideal gas equation

(pressure)(Volume) = (moles)(R, gas constant)(Temperature, in Kelvin)

Percent Yield

(actual yield/Theoretical Yield) x 100

Enthalpy Change

Heat Energy (Q)= mass x specific heat capacity x change in temperature

Bond Enthalpy

Enthalpy = (Sum of reactant bond enthalpy) - (Sum of product bond enthalpy)

Electrode Potential

E cell = E cell of cathode - E cell of anode

Gibbs Free Energy

G = Enthalpy - (Temperature, in Kelvin)(Entropy)

Equilibrium equation of concentration

[C]^c/[A]^a[B]^b , Brackets used to describe concentration

Equilibrium equation of pressure

(C)^c/(A)^a(B)^b

Rate Equation

Rate = k[A]^m[B]^n where k is the rate constant and m, n are the reaction orders.

pH

-log[H+]

Equilibrium constant of water, Kw

[H+][OH-]

Partial acid dissociation constant, pKa

[H+][A-]/[HA]