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ap world unit 7 flashcards
A progressive reform group in the early 20th century aiming to modernize the Ottoman Empire.
Adolf Hitler
Leader of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945, known for initiating World War II and orchestrating the Holocaust.
Reichstag
The German parliament during the Weimar Republic, which was later dissolved by Hitler.
Nuremberg Law
A set of anti-Semitic laws enacted in Nazi Germany in 1935 to exclude Jews from German society.
Axis Powers
The coalition of Germany, Italy, and Japan during World War II.
Kristallnacht
A series of coordinated attacks against Jews in Nazi Germany on November 9-10, 1938, known as the 'Night of Broken Glass'.
Appeasement
Foreign policy strategy of conceding to the demands of a hostile power to maintain peace, notably used towards Nazi Germany pre-WWII.
Third Reich
The Nazi regime in Germany from 1933 to 1945, characterized by totalitarian rule.
Munich Agreement
A 1938 settlement permitting Nazi Germany's annexation of parts of Czechoslovakia (Sudetenland) in return for a promise of no further territorial expansion.
German-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact
A 1939 treaty between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union where both agreed not to attack each other, allowing for the division of Eastern Europe.
Blitzkrieg
A military strategy used by Germany in World War II characterized by swift, sudden attacks.
Battle of Britain
The 1940 air campaign waged by the German Luftwaffe against the United Kingdom during World War II.
Pearl Harbor
A surprise military attack by the Japanese on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, prompting the U.S. to enter WWII.
Siege of Leningrad
A prolonged military blockade undertaken by the German Army against Leningrad (now St. Petersburg) from 1941 to 1944.
Battle of El Alamein
A key battle in North Africa in 1942 where Allied forces defeated the Axis powers, marking a turning point in the North African campaign.
Battle of Stalingrad
A major turning point in World War II where the Soviet Union defeated Germany in one of the bloodiest battles in history from 1942-1943.
Battle of Midway Island
A decisive naval battle in June 1942 in which the U.S. Navy defeated an attacking fleet of the Imperial Japanese Navy.
D-Day (Operation Overlord)
The Allied invasion of Normandy on June 6, 1944, which began the liberation of Western Europe from Nazi occupation.
Battle of the Bulge
The last major German offensive campaign on the Western Front during World War II, occurring from December 1944 to January 1945.
Nagasaki and Hiroshima
Japanese cities that were devastated by atomic bombs dropped by the U.S. in August 1945, leading to Japan's surrender in WWII.
Armenian Genocide
The systematic mass extermination of 1.5 million Armenians by the Ottoman Empire during World War I (1915-1922).
Lost Generation
A term describing a group of American writers who were disillusioned by the aftermath of World War I.
Final Solution
The Nazi plan for the extermination of the Jewish people during World War II.
Holocaust
The genocide of six million Jews and millions of others by the Nazi regime during World War II.
Rwandan Genocide
The 1994 mass slaughter of the Tutsi ethnic group by the Hutu government in Rwanda, resulting in the deaths of approximately 800,000 people.
Genocide in Darfur
Ongoing conflict in Sudan since 2003 involving the systematic killing of Darfuri ethnic groups by the government-supported militia, leading to widespread displacement and casualties.
