UNIT 7 REVIEW

ap world unit 7 flashcards

Imperialism

The policy of extending a country’s power and influence through colonization, military force, or other means.

Industrialization

The process of transforming the economy of one’s nation to make it more efficient.

Romanovs

The ruling dynasty of Russia from 1613 until the renouncing of Nicholas II in 1917.

Bloody Sunday

A protest made by workers marching peacefully to petition the tsar for better working conditions, which ended with police shootings.

The Revolution of 1905

A response to Bloody Sunday where hundreds of thousands of workers went on strike, resulting in violence.

Sun Yat-sen

Prominent political leader in China, known as the 'Father of Modern China'; key in overthrowing the Qing Dynasty.

Young Turks

A progressive reform group in the early 20th century aiming to modernize the Ottoman Empire.

Mexican Revolution

Armed struggle from 1910 to 1920 addressing social injustice and land reform.

Franz Ferdinand

Archduke of Austria; his assassination in 1914 sparked World War I.

Great War

Another name for World War I; involved most of the world's powers.

Triple Entente

Alliance of France, Russia, and Great Britain before World War I.

Triple Alliance

Military alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy before WWI.

Self-Determination

The principle that nations have the right to determine their own political status.

Conscription

Mandatory enlistment of individuals into military service.

Trench Warfare

A style of warfare using deep trenches to protect soldiers, leading to stalemates in WWI.

Zimmerman Telegram

Secret German proposal to Mexico to ally against the US, influencing US entry into WWI.

Total War

A war strategy utilizing all resources, including economic and civilian assets for victory.

Fourteen Points

Woodrow Wilson's principles for peace aimed at preventing future conflicts post WWI.

Treaty of Versailles

The 1919 treaty ending WWI, imposing reparations and territorial losses on Germany.

Great Depression

A severe worldwide economic downturn in the 1930s, marked by high unemployment.

New Deal

A series of programs by President Franklin D. Roosevelt to recover the US economy during the Great Depression.

Five Year Plan

A government initiative aimed at rapid industrialization, particularly in the Soviet Union.

Fascism

An authoritarian political ideology emphasizing strong leadership and nationalism.

Totalitarian State

A political system where the government seeks to control all aspects of life.

Mandate System

Established after WWI to control territories of the Central Powers.

Balfour Declaration

A 1917 British statement supporting a national home for the Jewish people in Palestine.

Salt March

Gandhi's nonviolent protest in 1930 against British salt laws in India.

March 1st Movement

Korean independence movement initiated in 1919 against Japanese rule.

May 4th Movement

A Chinese cultural movement in 1919 emphasizing nationalism.

Mao Zedong

Founding father of the People's Republic of China and leader of the CCP.

Keynesian Economics

An economic theory advocating for government intervention to stabilize the economy.

Adolf Hitler

Leader of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945, known for initiating World War II and orchestrating the Holocaust.

Reichstag

The German parliament during the Weimar Republic, which was later dissolved by Hitler.

Nuremberg Law

A set of anti-Semitic laws enacted in Nazi Germany in 1935 to exclude Jews from German society.

Axis Powers

The coalition of Germany, Italy, and Japan during World War II.

Kristallnacht

A series of coordinated attacks against Jews in Nazi Germany on November 9-10, 1938, known as the 'Night of Broken Glass'.

Appeasement

Foreign policy strategy of conceding to the demands of a hostile power to maintain peace, notably used towards Nazi Germany pre-WWII.

Third Reich

The Nazi regime in Germany from 1933 to 1945, characterized by totalitarian rule.

Munich Agreement

A 1938 settlement permitting Nazi Germany's annexation of parts of Czechoslovakia (Sudetenland) in return for a promise of no further territorial expansion.

German-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact

A 1939 treaty between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union where both agreed not to attack each other, allowing for the division of Eastern Europe.

Blitzkrieg

A military strategy used by Germany in World War II characterized by swift, sudden attacks.

Battle of Britain

The 1940 air campaign waged by the German Luftwaffe against the United Kingdom during World War II.

Pearl Harbor

A surprise military attack by the Japanese on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, prompting the U.S. to enter WWII.

Siege of Leningrad

A prolonged military blockade undertaken by the German Army against Leningrad (now St. Petersburg) from 1941 to 1944.

Battle of El Alamein

A key battle in North Africa in 1942 where Allied forces defeated the Axis powers, marking a turning point in the North African campaign.

Battle of Stalingrad

A major turning point in World War II where the Soviet Union defeated Germany in one of the bloodiest battles in history from 1942-1943.

Battle of Midway Island

A decisive naval battle in June 1942 in which the U.S. Navy defeated an attacking fleet of the Imperial Japanese Navy.

D-Day (Operation Overlord)

The Allied invasion of Normandy on June 6, 1944, which began the liberation of Western Europe from Nazi occupation.

Battle of the Bulge

The last major German offensive campaign on the Western Front during World War II, occurring from December 1944 to January 1945.

Nagasaki and Hiroshima

Japanese cities that were devastated by atomic bombs dropped by the U.S. in August 1945, leading to Japan's surrender in WWII.

Armenian Genocide

The systematic mass extermination of 1.5 million Armenians by the Ottoman Empire during World War I (1915-1922).

Lost Generation

A term describing a group of American writers who were disillusioned by the aftermath of World War I.

Final Solution

The Nazi plan for the extermination of the Jewish people during World War II.

Holocaust

The genocide of six million Jews and millions of others by the Nazi regime during World War II.

Rwandan Genocide

The 1994 mass slaughter of the Tutsi ethnic group by the Hutu government in Rwanda, resulting in the deaths of approximately 800,000 people.

Genocide in Darfur

Ongoing conflict in Sudan since 2003 involving the systematic killing of Darfuri ethnic groups by the government-supported militia, leading to widespread displacement and casualties.