2.2 Compare and contrast Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP) ports, protocols, and their purposes. • Ports and protocols - 20/2

What is a router used for?

Used to connect different broadcast domains to each other

What router connection is most common?

Connecting a LAN to a WAN (Site to site or the internet)

How does a router forward traffic?

Based on IP addresses in packets

t/f - Routers can usually provide DNS (Domain Name Services).

False (DHCP (Dynamic Host Confiuguration Protocol)

What is a Firewall?

-A security devices used to prevent authorized access to a LAN from the internet (Can be hardware or software based)

-Blocks connections from coming into the network

What is one area firewall does not protect?

DMZ

What are the common ports on the firewall?

0-1023 common ports

What are the registered ports for the firewall?

1023-4800 registered ports

What legacy device replaced hubs?

Switches

What is a switch used for?

Used to convert and manage wired communications in a LAN

What kind of switches can be configured?

Managed

Where are managed switches typically used?

Enterprise LANS to meet their needs for enforcing policy

What are additional functions switches can provide?

-VLANs
-Port security
-DHCP snapping
-Dynamic ARP inspection

Where can unmanaged switches be used?

SOHO networks

What is a Access Point (AP) used for?

Used to provide and manage wireless communications in a LAN

What frequencies does Access Point use to transmit host data?

Radio Frequencies

What are patch panels used for?

Cable management for networks

PoE (Power over Ethernet) allows you to do what?

Power devices using just a Ethernet cable

When can a PoE injector be used?

Used to power a single PoE device if a PoE switch is NOT available

PoE switch is required if you want to....

Power many devices

What can be used to power one PoE device if a PoE switch is not available?

PoE injectors

T/F - PoE standards are all at the same wattages?

False (All at different, see whats required for you device)

What are the PoE watt standards for 802.3af?

-Min. 12.95 watts -Max 15.40 watts-Max current 350mA

What are the PoE watt standards for 802.3at?

-Min. 25.50 watts-Max. 30.0 watts-Max current 600mA

What are the PoE watt standards for 802.3bt?

-Min. 51 watts-Max. 60 watts-Max current 600mA

What kind of switch is required to power most devices?

PoE switch

What legacy device replaced hubs?

Switch

What is a hub?

A legacy device used to connect and manage wired communications in a LAN via broadcasting

What did hubs use to manage collisions?

CSMA/CD

Why are hubs not used anymore?

Collisions could cause a slower network

What is a cable modem?

Device that connects to Cable TV wiring (coax or coaxial wiring) then to router/computer. It is provided by your Cable Internet provider

What are the wired connections?

-DSL
-Cable
-Fiber

DSL (digital subscriber line)

Broadband service that operates over the PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network)

DSL requirements

DSL modem - DSL filter/spiltter must be used to prevent noise when connecting a telephone to a DSL Line

What does Optical Network Terminal (ONT) do?

Converts the optical signal coming through the fiber into the separate signals for TV, voice, and data

What are fiber cable requirements for internet connection?

ONT (Optical Network Transceiver) converts the fiber cable from the provider to twisted pair to connect a router

What are fiber cable requirements for internet connection?

ONT (Optical Network Transceiver) converts the fiber cable from the provider to twisted pair to connect a router

What are Network Interface Card (NICs)?

Used to connect devices to a network

t/f - Each NIC has the same 48-bit MAC address

False (Each one is unique)

What does a NIC link light indicate?

Verifies the cable is plugged in at both ends

What does the activity light indicate?

Light will blink as data goes through the interface (Wired or Wireless)

What Software-defined networking (SDN) approach to network management enable?

Enables dynamic, programmatically efficient network configuration in order to improve network performance and monitoring, (making it more like cloud computing than traditional network management)