Programming Languages and Compilers - Vocabulary Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms from the lecture notes on programming languages and compilers.

Programming language

Languages used to write a program; a set of rules that transforms strings into machine code output or, in visual programming languages, into graphical program elements.

Visual programming language

A language where the output is graphical program elements rather than text.

Machine Language

The language directly executed by the CPU; the lowest-level programming language.

Assembly Language

A language that simplifies and makes machine code more readable.

High-Level Language

A language that is straightforward, simple to understand, and close to English.

System Language

A language for building operating systems and other system software, requiring different development methods than application programming.

Scripting Language

A language that uses high-level constructs to carry out one command at a time.

Python

A high-level, object-oriented, general-purpose, interactive, and interpreted programming language developed by Guido van Rossum, initially released in 1991.

Java

A programming language developed by James Gosling and colleagues; first made available in 1996; designed for high-level application development across devices.

TypeScript

An object-oriented language that is open-source; a superset of JavaScript that allows programs to run on any platform or browser without additional compilation.

C# (C Sharp)

An object-oriented programming language created by Microsoft as part of the .NET project; combines features of C and C++ and supports multiple paradigms.

JavaScript

A simple programming language used in web browsers; a scripting language for client-side and server-side applications, supported by major browsers.

Compiler

A program that converts a high-level language to a low-level language and detects problems during compilation; translates without altering the program’s meaning.

Source Language

The high-level language that is input to a compiler.

One-Pass Compiler

A compiler that reads the code only once before translating it.

Multi-Pass Compiler

A compiler that scans the source code several times; each pass refines the code until the final machine code is produced.

Interpreted language

A language that is interpreted; Python is an interpreted language.

Object-Oriented

A programming paradigm based on objects, emphasizing classes and objects and their interactions.

Beginner's Language

A programming language described as suitable for beginners.