Social Psychology, Psychological Disorders + Treatment

The three types of social psychology

Social Influence, Social Cognition, Social Interaction

Social Influence

Presence of others influencing thoughts, feelings, or behavior of an individual

3 types of social influence

conformity, compliance, obedience

Conformity

changing behavior to match that of others

Compliance

Changing behavior as a result of others asking for the change

Obedience

Changing behavior at the command of an authority figure

foot in the door

Start with a small request and once they say yes ask for the real request

Door in the face

start with a big request and follow up with real request once they say no

Loss aversion

What you stand to loss instead of what you gain

Reciprocity

exchanging things with others for mutual benefit

Social proof

a tendency to conform to what we believe respected others think and do

social facilitation

the tendency to perform tasks better in the presence of others

Social inhibition

the tendency to perform tasks poorly in the presence of others

Social Cognition

the mental processes that people use to make sense of the social world around them

Attitudes

Tendency to respond positively or negatively toward a certain person, object, idea, or situation

attribution

The process of explaining ones own behavior and the behavior of others

3 components of attitude

affect, behavior, cognition

attitude formation

direct contact, direct instruction, interaction with others, vicarious conditioning

Persuasion

the process by which a message induces change in beliefs, attitudes, or behaviors

situational cause for behavior

comes from outside circumstances

Dispositional cause for behavior

comes from within the person

fundamental attribution error

the tendency for observers to underestimate the impact of the situation and to overestimate the impact of personal disposition

realistic conflict theory

theory stating that prejudice and discrimination will be increased between groups that are in conflict over a limited resource

biopsychosocial model

perspective that asserts that biology, psychology, and social factors interact to determine an individual's health

major depressive disorder

severe depression, comes on suddenly, too severe for current circumstances

Bipolar 1

full manic and major depressive episodes

Bipolar 2

alternating periods of extremely depressed and mildly elevated moods

Panic Disorder

an anxiety disorder that consists of sudden, overwhelming attacks of terror

generalized anxiety disorder

person has feelings of dread and impending doom lasting 6 months or more

all or nothing thinking

the tendency to believe that one's performance must be perfect or the result will be a total failure

overgeneralization

the tendency to interpret a single negative event as a never

Minimization

the tendency to give little or no importance to one's successes or positive events and traits

obsessive

compulsive disorder

Acute Stress Disorder

a disorder in which a person experiences fear and related symptoms soon after a traumatic event but for less than a month

post

traumatic stress disorder

dissociative identity disorder

disorder occurring when a person seems to have two or more distinct personalities within one body

dissociative disorders

disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated (dissociated) from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings

Personality Disorders

person adopts a persistent, rigid, and maladaptive pattern of behavior that interferes with normal social interactions

Paranoid Personality Disorder

a person exhibits pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others

antisocial personality disorder

a person uses other people without worrying about their rights and feelings

Borderline Personality Disorder

pattern where a person is unstable and lacks a clear sense of identity. Often clings to others with intense mood swings

Dependent Personality Disorder

A personality disorder characterized by a pattern of clinging and obedience, fear of separation, and an ongoing need to be taken care of.

Schizophrenia

severe disorder where person suffers from disordered thinking (delusions), hallucinations, inability to distinguish between fantasy and reality

persecution delusion

belief that others are out to get them

reference delusion

delusions related to receiving personal messages from tv, radio, or actions of others

influence delusion

Belief that they are being controlled by some unseen force or by others

grandeur delusion

believing that one is a very powerful or important person

stress

vulnerability model

Cluster A

odd/eccentric

Cluster B

dramatic, emotional, erratic

Cluster C

main emotion is anxiety / fearfulness

Psychotherapy

an ongoing dialogue between a patient and a mental health professional

biomedical therapy

prescribed medications or medical procedures that act directly on the patient's nervous system

Psychoanalysis

relied heavily on dream interpretation and free association to engage with patients

Psychodynamic therapy

a newer and more general term for therapies based on psychoanalysis with an emphasis on transference, shorter treatment times, and a more direct therapeutic approach

action therapy

main goal is to change disordered or inappropriate behavior directly

systematic desensitization

A type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety

cognitive behavioral therapy

combines cognitive therapy (changing self

relationship between thoughts feelings and behaviors

thoughts create feelings, feelings create behaviors, behaviors reinforce thoughts