Chemistry Polyatomic Ions, Metric Prefixes, Solubility Rules, and Strong Acids/Bases

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A comprehensive vocabulary flashcard set covering polyatomic ions, metric prefixes, solubility rules, and strong acids and bases.

Last updated 5:42 PM on 9/8/26
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43 Terms

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Ammonium

NH4+NH_4^+

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Acetate

CH3COO−CH_3COO^-

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Carbonate

CO32−CO_3^{2-}

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Hydrogen carbonate (bicarbonate)

HCO3−HCO_3^-

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Hydroxide

OH−OH^-

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Nitrite

NO2−NO_2^-

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Nitrate

NO3−NO_3^-

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Chromate

CrO42−CrO_4^{2-}

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Dichromate

Cr2O72−Cr_2O_7^{2-}

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Phosphate

PO43−PO_4^{3-}

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Hydrogen phosphate

HPO42−HPO_4^{2-}

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Dihydrogen phosphate

H2PO4−H_2PO_4^-

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Hypochlorite

ClO−ClO^-

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Chlorite

ClO2−ClO_2^-

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Chlorate

ClO3−ClO_3^-

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Perchlorate

ClO4−ClO_4^-

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Permanganate

MnO4−MnO_4^-

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Sulfite

SO32−SO_3^{2-}

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Sulfate

SO42−SO_4^{2-}

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Hydrogen sulfite (bisulfite)

HSO3−HSO_3^-

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Hydrogen sulfate (bisulfate)

HSO4−HSO_4^-

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Cyanide

CN−CN^-

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Peroxide

O22−O_2^{2-}

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Borate

BO33−BO_3^{3-}

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Iodate

IO3−IO_3^-

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Tera (T)

Metric prefix representing a multiplier of 101210^{12}

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Giga (G)

Metric prefix representing a multiplier of 10910^9

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Mega (M)

Metric prefix representing a multiplier of 10610^6

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Kilo (k)

Metric prefix representing a multiplier of 10310^3

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Deci (d)

Metric prefix representing a multiplier of 10−110^{-1}

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Centi (c)

Metric prefix representing a multiplier of 10−210^{-2}

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Milli (m)

Metric prefix representing a multiplier of 10−310^{-3}

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Micro (µ)

Metric prefix representing a multiplier of 10−610^{-6}

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Nano (n)

Metric prefix representing a multiplier of 10−910^{-9}

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Pico (p)

Metric prefix representing a multiplier of 10−1210^{-12}

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Femto (f)

Metric prefix representing a multiplier of 10−1510^{-15}

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Halide Solubility Rules

Compounds containing Cl−Cl^-, Br−Br^-, or I−I^- are soluble, except when paired with Ag+Ag^+, Hg22+Hg_2^{2+}, or Pb2+Pb^{2+}

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Sulfate Solubility Rules

Compounds containing SO42−SO_4^{2-} are soluble, except when paired with Ag+Ag^+, Hg22+Hg_2^{2+}, Pb2+Pb^{2+}, Ca2+Ca^{2+}, Sr2+Sr^{2+}, or Ba2+Ba^{2+}

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Insoluble Polyatomic Anion Solubility Rules

Compounds containing CO32−CO_3^{2-}, CrO42−CrO_4^{2-}, PO43−PO_4^{3-}, or SO32−SO_3^{2-} are insoluble, except when paired with Group I cations or NH4+NH_4^+

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Sulfide and Hydroxide Solubility Rules

Compounds containing S2−S^{2-} or OH−OH^- are insoluble, except when paired with Group I cations, NH4+NH_4^+, or Ba2+Ba^{2+}

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Insoluble Metal Cations (Ag+, Hg2 2+, Pb2+) Rules

Compounds containing Ag+Ag^+, Hg22+Hg_2^{2+}, and Pb2+Pb^{2+} are insoluble, except when paired with CH3COO−CH_3COO^-, NO3−NO_3^-, ClO3−ClO_3^-, or ClO4−ClO_4^-

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Strong Acids

HClHCl, HBrHBr, HIHI, HNO3HNO_3, HClO4HClO_4, and H2SO4H_2SO_4

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Strong Bases

Group I & II metal hydroxides