Vitamins

Pyridoxine

Coenzyme in transamination and decarboxylation of amino acids.

Thiamin

Coenzyme in pyruvate and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase.

Riboflavin

Coenzyme of oxidation and reduction reactions of FAD and FMN.

Pantothenic Acid

Functional part of CoA and acyl carrier protein.

Niacin

Coenzyme of oxidation and reduction of NAD and NADP.

Folic Acid

Coenzyme in transfer of one-carbon atom.

Retinol

Regulation of gene expression.

Ascorbic Acid

Coenzyme in hydroxylation of proline and lysine in collagen synthesis.

Biotin

Coenzyme in carboxylation reactions in gluconeogenesis and fatty acid synthesis.

Vitamin E

Chain-breaking free radical-trapping antioxidant in cell membranes.

Vitamin A

Major role in the control of cell differentiation and turnover.

Vitamin B1 (Thiamin)

Central role in energy-yielding metabolism, especially of carbohydrates.

Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)

Provides the reactive moieties of the coenzymes FMN and FAD.

Vitamin B3 (Niacin)

Functions as the nicotinamide ring of NAD and NADP in oxidation/reduction reactions.

Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid)

Central role in acyl group metabolism as part of CoA and ACP.

Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)

Coenzyme for enzymes involved in amino acid metabolism, especially transamination and decarboxylation.

Vitamin E

Functions as a chain-breaking antioxidant in cell membranes.