Vitamins

Coenzyme in transamination and decarboxylation of amino acids → Pyridoxine,

Coenzyme in pyruvate and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase → Thiamin, Coenzyme of oxidation and reduction reaction of FAD and FMN→ Riboflavin, Functional part of CoA and acyl carrier protein → Pantothenic Acid, Coenzyme of oxidation and reduction of NAD and NADP→ Niacin,

Coenzyme in transfer of one-carbon atom → Folic Acid, Regulation of gene expression → Retinol, Coenzyme in hydroxylation of proline and lysine in collagen synthesis → Ascorbic Acid, Coenzyme in carboxylation reactions in gluconeogenesis and fatty acid synthesis → Biotin, Chain-breaking free radical-trapping antioxidant in cell membranes → Vitamin E

Vitamin A: A major role of vitamin A is in the control of cell differentiation and turnover. Harper’s Biochemistry 31st Ed: Ch 44, pg 1296

Vitamin B1 (Thiamin): Thiamin has a central role in energy-yielding metabolism, and especially the metabolism of carbohydrates. Thiamin diphosphate is the coenzyme for three multienzyme complexes that catalyze oxidative decarboxylation reactions: pyruvate dehydrogenase in carbohydrate metabolism. Harper’s Biochemistry 31st Ed: Ch 44, pg 1305

Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin): Riboflavin provides the reactive moieties of the coenzymes flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). Harper’s Biochemistry 31st Ed: Ch 44, pg 1306

Vitamin B3 (Niacin) : Niacin; its metabolic function is as the nicotinamide ring of the coenzymes NAD and NADP in oxidation/reduction reactions. Harper’s Biochemistry 31st Ed: Ch 44, pg 1307

Vitamin B5 (Panthothenic): Pantothenic acid has a central role in acyl group metabolism when acting as the pantetheine functional moiety of coenzyme A (CoA) or acyl carrier protein (ACP). Harper’s Biochemistry 31st Ed: Ch 44, pg 1318

Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine): Pyridoxal phosphate is a coenzyme for many enzymes involved in amino acid metabolism, especially transamination and decarboxylation. Harper’s Biochemistry 31st Ed: Ch 44, pg 1309-1310

Vitamin E: The main function of vitamin E is as a chain-breaking, free radical– trapping antioxidant in cell membranes and plasma lipoproteins by reacting with the lipid peroxide radicals formed by peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Harper’s Biochemistry 31st Ed: Ch 44, pg 1301