Pharmacology Study Guide 2

Which of the following is given orally to dogs an hour before or two hours after eating?

Cyclosporine

Which of the following is better for cats?

Prednisolone

How do you treat proud flesh in horses?

With copper sulfate pentahydrate

Whenever possible, how should glucocorticoids be applied?

Topically

Which drug would be used to dilate pupils prior to cataract removal?

Phenylephrine

To use this drug the tympanic membrane needs to be intact?

Gentamicin

What is used to treat seborrhea oleosa?

Coal tar

Which antiseptic is typically used as a solvent or vehicle for other drugs?

Propylene glycol

Which of the following reduce inflammation by blocking the action of the enzyme phospholipase?

Prednisone

What would be used to reduce inflammation and pain associated with acute chronic otitis?

Fluocinolone

Which of the following is an immunomodulating drug that is used to decrease inflammation resulting in improved tear production?

Cyclosporine

What is common in dogs, is thought to be immune-mediated, and is diagnosed with a Schirmer tear test?

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca

Most ophthalmic drugs for small animals are given using which route of administration?

Topical

How is a lubricant tear supplement used?

As an anesthetic when eyes need to stay open

What is used to control lick dermatitis?

Zinc

How would you treat thrush in horses?

With copper naphthenate

Where are blood and lymph vessels found in the integumentary system?

The dermis

What ending do most glucocorticoid drugs have in the generic name?

-sone

Which of the following products is not approved for use as drugs by the U.S. FDA but is available as a chewable treat for dogs?

Glucosamine/chondrotin sulfate

Which of the following can cause a perforated gastric ulcer in a dog with just one dose?

Naproxen

NSAIDs are _____.

Abtipyretic

To treat acute inflammation of the anterior uvea, use _______.

Atropine

What parts of the ear are responsible for balance and equilibrium?

Vestibule and semicircular canals

How is Addison’s disease prevented?

Glucocorticoids are given at the lowest dosage possible and are withdrawn gradually

Which of the following drugs causes vasodilation while also being an anti-inflammatory?

Dimethyl sulfoxide

Which of the following are clinical signs of Cushing’s disease?

Lethargy

Which of the following is true about artificial tears?

They are pH-buffered solutions

Which of the following antibacterial drugs may cause anaphylaxis in cats when applied topically?

Polymyxin B

Which of the following is an antibacterial drug?

Neomycin

Which of the following is a counterirritant?

Eucalyptus oil

Which of the following is a behavioral condition that can cause a skin disorder?

Excessive grooming

Which of the following is often given to horses with athletic injuries?

Phenylbutazone

How is meloxicam given to cats?

Subcutaneously

What is an astringent used in veterinary medicine?

Stanisol

Which of the following COX-2 drugs has an adverse effect of ulceration?

Robenacoxib

Which of the following is used in surgical scrubs and handwashes?

Chloroxylenol

When an animal is on a glucocorticoid, what does the adrenal cortex do?

Decrease glucocorticoid production

How long do long-acting glucocorticoids work?

More than 48 hours

Where is magnesium sulfate found?

In Epsom salts

Which of the following has both antifungal and antibacterial properties?

Baytril Otic

Which drugs are effective at blocking the action of the enzyme cyclooxygenase?

NSAIDs

What is the only NSAID labeled for use in beef and dairy cattle?

Flunixin meglumine

I am a clear, flexible, and curved capsule. What am I?

The lens

Which of the following statements is true about glucocorticoids?

The anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoid drugs do not cure inflammatory diseases.

Which of the following is the only antihistamine drug approved by the FDA for a veterinary species

Trimeprazine

Which of the following is the most effective immunosuppressant agent available?

Cyclosporine

When would a lacrimogenic be used?

To increase tear production

What is a natural response of living tissue to cellular injury?

Inflammation

Which of the following lowers skin pH resulting in increased hydration and is used to treat seborrhea sicca?

Salicylic acid

What can help with stud tail?

Benzoyl peroxide

What is the mechanism of action of penicillin?

Inhibits cell wall synthesis

Which antiparasitic drug is used topically in cats as Profender?

Emodepside

Chloramphenicol should be used with caution due to its potential to cause:

Aplastic anemia in humans

Which antifungal agent disrupts the fungal cell membrane by binding to ergosterol?

 Amphotericin B

Which antibiotic is effective against Rickettsial organisms?

Tetracycline

Which drug is effective against Giardia and has antiprotozoal activity?

Metronidazole

Aminoglycosides are most known for their potential to cause:

Nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity

Fluoroquinolones, such as enrofloxacin, primarily work by:

Interfering with DNA gyrase

Metronidazole is commonly used for:

Treating anaerobic infections and Giardia

Which is a heartworm adulticide?

Melarsomine

Which ectoparasite treatment is a neonicotinoid?

Imidacloprid

Which of the following is a lincosamide antibiotic?

Clindamycin

Which antiparasitic is also used to treat lung trematodes in dogs and cats?

Praziquantel

Which drug is used to treat equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM)?

Pyrimethamine

What type of drug is clorsulon?

Antitrematodal

Imidazothiazoles like levamisole act on parasites by:

Stimulating the parasite's cholinergic nervous system

Sulfonamides act by:

Competing with PABA in folic acid synthesis

What is a common side effect of tetracyclines?

Staining of teeth

What is the primary route for administering milbemycin for heartworm prevention?

Oral

Praziquantel is effective against which group of parasites?

Cestodes

What is the function of xanthine oxidase inhibitors?

Reduce uric acid formation

Which neuromuscular blocker requires an antidote for reversal?

Pancuronium

What is a common side effect of phosphate binders?

Constipation

What is the mechanism of action for neuromuscular blockers?

Compete with acetylcholine at receptor sites

What type of drug is used to reduce pain, redness, swelling, and heat in musculoskeletal disorders?

Anti-inflammatory drugs

What type of drugs are used to decrease intraocular pressure?

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

Dantrolene is primarily used to treat:

Malignant hyperthermia

Which of the following is a commonly used beta-blocker in veterinary medicine?

Propranolol

What is the basic functional unit of the kidney?

Nephron

Which urolith type is commonly treated with urinary alkalinizers?

Calcium oxalate

Which class of drugs is used to treat hypertension by blocking angiotensin II?

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)

Which of the following drugs is a potassium-sparing diuretic?

Spironolactone

What is the primary function of anabolic steroids in veterinary medicine?

Promote growth and muscle mass

What is the primary function of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors?

Lower blood pressure

What is the most common side effect of loop diuretics?

Hypokalemia

Which drug is classified as a neuromuscular blocker?

Succinylcholine

Which drug is used as an adjunctive therapy for inflammatory and traumatic conditions of skeletal muscle?

Methocarbamol

What is the function of alpha-adrenergic antagonists in urinary medicine?

Increase urine retention

What is the main function of phosphate binders?

Reduce phosphorus absorption

Which class of drugs is used to treat urolithiasis?

Urinary acidifiers

Which emetic is most commonly used in dogs for inducing vomiting?

Apomorphine

Which drug is an anticholinergic used as an antisialogue in veterinary medicine?

Atropine

Mirtazapine is classified as a(n):

Serotonin antagonist

Which of the following drugs is a prostaglandin analog used to protect the stomach lining?

Misoprostol

Which antifoaming agent is used to treat frothy bloat in ruminants?

Poloxalene

Metoclopramide has which dual effect in the treatment of vomiting?

Blocks dopamine and speeds gastric emptying

What is the primary purpose of antisialogue drugs during anesthesia?

Decrease saliva production

Which of the following is a protectant/adsorbent antidiarrheal drug?

Bismuth subsalicylate

Which prokinetic drug works as a dopaminergic antagonist?

Domperidone

What is the primary side effect of benzodiazepines when used as appetite stimulants?

Sedation