iGCSE Chemistry - Acids, Alkalis and Titrations

What do acids form when added to water?

H+ ions

What makes a solution acidic is the presence of —

H+ ions

What do alkalis form when added to water?

OH - ions

A neutralization reaction occurs when an — reacts with an —. When these substances react the — ions and — ions react to produce —

Acid

Alkali

H +

OH -

Water

It is not a neutralisation reaction if — doesn’t form

Water

Generic word equation for a neutralization reaction

Acid + Base —> Salt + Water

Give the 2 symbol equations for :

Hydrochloric Acid + Sodium Hydroxide —> Sodium Chloride + Water

Then state what the spectating ions are

Na(+) + Cl (-) → NaCl ~ spectating ions

H(+) + OH(-) → H20

Litmus color in acid

Red

Litmus color in alkali

Blue

Phenolphthalein color in alkali

Pink

Phenolphthalein color in acid

Colorless

Methyl Orange color in acid

Red

Methyl Orange color in alkali

Yellow

Universal Indicator color when strongly acidic

R/P/O

Universal Indicator color when weakly acidic

Y/G

Universal Indicator color when neutral

G

Universal indicator when weakly alkaline

G/Pale B

Universal Indicator color when strongly alkaline

Dark B/P