psychology-emotions

Paul Ekman Theory of emotion

emotions are innate, shared by everyone

6 emotions of Paul Ekman

sadness, happiness, fear, anger, surprise, disgust

three elements of emotions

physiological response, subjective feelings, expressive behaviour

What is a physiological response?

A change experienced in the body.

What is an example of a physiological response?

Elevated heart rate.

Do sadness and anger share a physiological response?

Yes, both can elevate heart rate.

How do sadness and anger differ in physiological responses?

They can differ in skin temperature.

subjective feeling

experienced by individual, deeply personal response, cannot be observed,( inner most thoughts)

what is expressive behaviour

observable expression (facial expressions, body language)

can expressive behaviour be unintentional

yes both unintentional and intentional.

what is the three elements of emotion in relation to fear.

heart rate increase, the person feels scared, eyes widen, mouth shuts

what is a flight or fight response

the body's reaction to stress or an emergency

how does the fligth or fight system work

it is a state of physiological arousal, comprised of autonomous nervous system.

what is the autonomous nervous system comprised of

sympathetic and parasympathetic systems.

what does the sympathetic system do

prepares the body to confront stress or run away (fight or flight)

what does the parasympathetic system do

relaxes the body after sympathetic system was activated (reverse other symptoms)

what are some main differences between the systems

parasympathetic relaxes and works slowly, sympathetic engages and works fast.

what are some physiological reactions from the sympathetic system and why

pupils dilate (to see better at night)rapid pulse and respiration (to run faster if needed) conversion of glycogen to glucose (provides energy to muscles to run if needed.)

what does an abnormal fight of flight system result in

constant state if sympathetic engagement (rapid breathing, pupils dilated, unnecessary stress)

what does Schatchers theory (1962) theorize

emotions are a reuslt of physical arousal and cognitive label

what is an example of the Schatchers theory flow chart for fear when seeing a car

sees car = heart rate increases, flight or fight activated = body identifies fear = fear experienced.

what does SPAC stand for

scenario, physiological response, arousal, combination(according to (Schatchers theory)

what are the main criticism of this technique

it has not been replicated since, Marshal and Zimbardo (1979) got different results

what are some examples of biological causes for emotions/disorders

hear conditions, cancer, mental disorders, bad sleep,

what are some examples of biological cures for emotion/disorders

rest, sleep, treatment of outstanding disorders

what are some examples of psychological causes for emotions/disorders

PTSD, mental disorders, hormones, identification of emotions, regulation

what are some examples of psychological cures for emotion/disorders

treatment of other mental disorders, therapy,

what are some examples of social causes for emotions/disorders

forced withhold emotions, trauma, cultural differences.

what are some examples of social cures for emotion/disorders

therapy, support network, breakdown societal beliefs.

how many primary emotions are in Plutwichs wheel

eight

according to Plutwichs emotion wheel is the middle or outside secondary emotions more intense

the middle is more intense

what are the emotions between the main triangles called on PLutwichs wheel

combination emotions.

what are the benefits of Plutwichs wheel

helps identify emotions, enhanced emotional intelligence, self report.

what are the emotions directly opposite each other

opposite emotions