The Nervous System
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20 Terms
Neuron Theory
Santiago Ramón y Cajal's concept that nerve cells communicate through contiguity rather than continuity.
Impulse
A sudden change in the electric potential of a cell membrane.
Stimulus
Anything in the environment that triggers a physiological change in an organism.
Response
The corresponding reaction to an environmental stimulus.
Nervous System
The controlling, regulatory, and communicating system in the body transmitting electrical impulses through specialized nerve cells.
Chemical Transmission
Control under the endocrine system where neurotransmitters pass between cells for long-term effects.
Endocrine Gland System
Ductless glands releasing hormones for chemical coordination of body functions.
Neuroglia
Support cells in the nervous system that do not form synapses and can divide throughout their lifespan.
Saltatory Conduction
The rapid jumping of action potential between nodes of Ranvier due to myelin sheath in nerve fibers.
Homeostasis
The maintenance of stable internal conditions through negative feedback mechanisms in response to changes.
Santiago Ramón y Cajal
The watershed of all studies of the nervous system (1889).
Santiago Ramón y Cajal
He states that nervous system is composed of individual units (nerve cell) that are structurally independent of one another and whose internal contents do not come into direct contact.
Nervous system
is the controlling, regulatory, and communicating system in the body.
It transmit electrical impulses from one region of the body to another along specialized nerve cells and neurons.
Animpulse
is a sudden change in the electric potential of the cell membrane.
Stimulus
anything in the environment (light, water, heat, pressure, wind, touch, etc) that triggers a physiological change in an organism
Response
the corresponding reaction to an environmental stimulus. In the long run, a series of responses will enable an organism to adapt and survive
Stimulus-response coordination
Intracellular Systems
Organelle systems
Functions of Nervous System