CAP Mitchell Award Learn to lead Volume 2 Study Set

What is professional in the everyday sense?

It is simply someone who is paid for their work

What is a professional in a more specific sense?

A professional is someone who:

1. Consistently puts the community's interests above their own.

2. A professional is someone who has special skills

3. Professionals hold themselves to an ethical code

What is a standard?

An established requirement, a principle by which something can be done.

What is the most important standard of all?

The leaders example

What are the standards of NCO's

1. They epitomize the core values

2. They transition into caring for others instead of being cared for

3. Guide, instruct, and mentor

4. Support the leader

5. Reward People

6. Correct people

7. Career counsel

8. Keep learning

What are the three areas of readiness?

Technical readiness

Physcial readiness

Mental readiness

What is servant leadership?

Servant leadership is when the leader sees himeself as primarily a servant of the team.

What is coaching?

Coaching is the process by which leaders try to solve their performance problems and develop people - it is a person-to-person experience.

When does someone require coaching?

Anytime a leader identifies a need to help someone reach a higher level of effectiveness.

What are the elements of successful coaching?

Successful coaching is marked by:

dialogue

Empowerment

Action

Improvement

What is empowerment?

Empowerment is when the leader, instead of giving all the answer , allows the coachee to discover the solution on their own.

Name the techniques of successful coaching

Observation

Purpose

Dialogue

- mirroring

- questioning

- active listening

Validating

Story shifting

Addressing fears

Find the bottom line

Providing direct feedback

follow-up

What is a story shift?

Asking cadets to address a problem from another persons perspective

What does it mean to supervise?

It means to observe and direct people in fulfillment of the mission

What are the three key elements of trusting and fair supervision?

Trust - the cornerstone of supervision

Fairness - applying the same set of rules impartially to everyone

The need for wisdom - distinguishing between unfair and fair

What is punishment?

A negative consequence

What does punishment ultimately acheive?

It teachs people what to aviod, not actually what to do.

What is constructive discipline?

It is a learning process that provides an opportunity for positive growth

Name the five elemnts of constructive discpline

Knowing that ability differs from willingness

Praise in public, correct in private

Choose the right time

Control emotions

Focus on performance

What is motivation?

Motivation is the reason for an action.

Is there a difference between talent and motivation?

Yes! Without motivation there is no guarentee for long-term success

Define instrinsic rewards

Intrinsic awards are motivators that are within you (i, e. they drive you because of how you feel towards them)

Define extrinsic rewards

They are motivators that work outside of you (i, e, you get something tangbible in return)

The key to motivation is...

To communicate a strong sense of shared purpose

Where is the need to motivate most apparent in CAP

in volunteer service

What are the differences between the duties of an officer and an nco

Officers

1. focus on long-term needs

2. Establish policies, rules, and standards

3. Assign people to the right jobs

4. set goals for the team

5. create the conditions necessary for the team to succeed

NCO's

1. Focus on the short term needs of individual cadets and small team

2. ensure people comply with policies, rules, and standards

3. Train people to do their jobs

4. Fulfill the goals of the team and carry out plans

5. NCO's get the job done

Name the three leadership areas (in order)

Strategic

operational

tactical

Name the three main leadership skills

personal

Team

Insitutional

What makes NCO's good followers to the leaders above them

Command intent

Initiative

Respectful dissent

Completed staff work

Updates and Advice

Define command intent, initiative, respectful dissent, completed staff work, updates and advice.

Command intent: the leaders concise expression of purpose

Initiative: the abilitiy to make sound judgements and act independently

Respectful dissent: Purposeful and effective disagrement

Completed staff work: When a staff member examines all aspects of a problem before presenting it to a superior

Upades and advice: When a staff member keeps his superior updated on any issues

What are the elements of a good team?

Comon goals

Leadership

Involvment of all members

good morale

open communication

Mutual respect

Fair way to resolve conflicts

Name the pitfalls of a team

Teams can be unwieldy

Team pressures individuals to conform

Free riders

Groupthink - when team members sacrifice effectiveness for unity

Lack of accountability

Name the 4 stages of a team

Forming

Storming

Norming

Performing

Why should eladers be aware of the four stages of a team?

So that they can provide the right support at the right time

What does LEAD stand for?

Lead with a clear purpose

Empower to participate

Aim for consensus

Direct the team

By following the LEAD model, the leader will...

meet all seven needs of a team

True of false? A leaders critical thinking skills have direct impact on his or her effectiveness.

True

Define critical thinking

a self-guided, self-disciplined thinking in which attempts to reason at the highest level oof quality in a fair-minded way.

Alternitavely, it can be defined as a habit of being guided by universal values of logic and a deep respect of truth.

True or false? Developing the ability to think critically is a lifelong endeavor, a never-ending process.

True

Name the seven universal intellectual standards

Clarity

Accuracy

Prescision

Relevance

Depth

Breadth

Logic

Name the 8 elements of thought

Reasoning has a Purpose

Reasoning is an attempt to figure something out

Reasoning is based on assumptions or beleifs that you take for granted

Reasoning has a particular point of view

Reasoning is based on data, information, and evidence

Reasoning is expressed through and shaped by concepts and ideas

Reasoning contains inferences in which we draw conclusions

Reasoning leads somewhere and has consequences

Name the four modes of thinking and define them

Big-picture thinking - stepping back and taking more in of the problem.

Focused thinking - intensly studying one issue and one issue only

Realistic thinking - seeing the world for how it is

Shared thinking - valuing and inovling the thoughts of others

What are benefits of big-picture thinking?

1. It helps leaders stay on target.

2. It promotoes teamwork

3. It helps mesh and synthethize their learning

What are the benefits of focused-thinking?

It helps the brain work better

What are the benefits of realistic thinking?

They operate in the real world and therefore are prepared for the curveballs that come thier way

What is the biggest obstacle to shared thinking?

Emotional insecurity

What is a logical fallacy?

An error of reasoning

Name some of the most common fallacies and define them

Ad hominem - attacking the person instead of the argument

Appeal to authority - misusing the intellectual prowess of an individual to prove a topic is correct

Post hoc - confusing relation with causation

Appeal to tradition - because the idea is old, its right

Red herring - using irrelevant information to the issue at hand

weak analogy - drawing weak comparison between two concepts

Straw man fallacy - misrepresenting a position

Begging the question - when the conclusion is the same as the premise

False dilemma - falsly presented with limited alternatives

Slippery slope - falsley assuming causation

What is intellectual honesty?

It is the acquisition, analysis, and transmission of ideas

What is creative thinking?

creative thinking is concentration plus imagination

Which core value necessitates creative thinking?

Excellence

Ture or false? The most creative leader is guarenteed to win

False

Can majority rule discourage people from expressing popular opinoins? Why or why not?

Yes. Because it makes people afraid to express unpopular ideas

What are examples of majority rule discouraging creativity

Advertising

Sedition acts

uniformity

military tradition

What were examples of outstanding creative thinking?

Apollo 13

D-day

complexity and simplicity

Name practical methods for creative thinking

Mindmapping

Brainstorming

Name ways to analyze the problem

Reversal

Creating steps to acheive a goal (healdines of the future)

Flowcharts

Name tools to make a descision

Multi-voting

Weigh pros and cons

Gradual voting

What is a learning objective?

A learning objective describes what a student should knoww, feel, or be able to do at the end of a lesson.

What makes a good learning objective?

A good learning objective is specific, measurable, and clear

Name all the different types of learning

Visual

Kinesthetic

auditory

Tactile

Describe the different methods of teaching

Lecture, Guided Discussion, Demonstration - Performance, Experiential, Simulation,

What is an evaluation?

evaluation is an attempt to check whether each student fulfilled the learning objectives

What is personality?

Personality is the sum of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that make someone unique.

What question does nature vs nurture ask?

It asks whether it is inborn qualities or personal experiences that shape who we are.

That is the blank slate principle

The blank slate principle states that every newborn baby is born as if their mind is a blank slate into which to write their thoughts and and experiences

What is the modern conclusion about natural vs nurture

The conclusion is that we are both affected by our Gene's and our environment

What are the implications for leaders when it comes to nature vs nurture?

It implies two things:

Leaders cannot change human nature

Leaders can have an effect on an environment.

What is birth order theory?

It contends that a persons rank within a family has its effect on their personality and intelligence

How is birth order theory relevant to leaders?

It is an easy way to begin thinking about how the environment a person grows up in shape their personality.

What is charisma?

Charisma is the sparkle in people that money cant buy, according to one author. "it's the invisible energy with visible effects."

What is a pro and a con of charisma?

Pro: it can recruit followers quickly

Con: it surrounds leaders with people who are too willing to flatter the leader

What is the Johari window and what are its arenas

The Johari window is a tool for self-perception. Its four arenas are the public area, the private area, the blind area, and the unknown area

What is MBTI?

MBTI is an attempt to describe our different flavors of personality in a grid of 16 personality types. It does not determine who is smart or dumb, or qualities of the like.

What are the four dimensions of type? And define each

Extroversion vs. Introversion (spending time with people vs directing their thoughts toward themselves)

Intuition vs sensing (big picture vs details)

Thinker vs feeler (logic vs considering perspective)

Judge vs perception (structure and order vs keeping options over)

How is mbti relevant to leaders?

It is relevant by helping leaders understand themselves and thus working more effective with others

What is the basis of maslow's theory?

His theory is based on the fact that people are motivated by unfulfilled needs.

Define the five levels of maslow's hierarchy of needs

5. Physiological needs (basic human operations)

4. Safety needs ( freedom from violence, uncertainty and fear)

3. Love and belonging (a need for relationship)

2. Esteem needs (appreciation, honor, etc.)

1. Self-actualization (achieving your best self)

What is helpful about the hierarchy of needs?

It gives leaders a framework for understanding motivation

What is the key takeaway from the Hawthorne studies?

When leaders pay attention to their followers and treat them as friends, people feel appreciated and work better.

How else is the Hawthorne studies referred to?

The study of humans in the work place

Who discovered classical conditioning? And what is it?

Ivan Pavlov. Classical conditioning is the process whereby a living thing learns to connect a stimulus to a reflex.

Name the four types of classical conditioning

Positive reinforcement

Negative reinforcement

Punishment

Extinction

In any relationship, there will be...

Conflict

What is a defense mechanisim? And is it normal? Can it be a problem?

It is an operation that protects us from psychological injury. Yes, it is normal. Yes, it can also be a problem as it changes the way we see reality and it can become habit forming.

Name the forms of defensive mechanisms and define them

Displacement - redirecting feelings to something less threatening.

Projection - taking unacknowledged thoughts and attributing it towards something else.

Rationalization - when someone devises self-serving or reassuring explanations for a behavior

Intellectualization - examening a problem in an excessively abstract way.

Denial - failing to acknowledge an externally known fact.

Supression - choosing to not even consider a given problem

Withdrawl - removing oneself from any event relating to the given painful experience.

Define conflict

A disagreement through which individuals preceive a threat to their needs, interests, or concerns.

True or false. Conflict is a normal and inevitable part or leadership.

True.

Name methods for handling problems and define them

Avoidance - recognizing a problem, but not engaging it

Denial - refusing to acknowledge the conflict exists

Supression and smoothing - suggesting the problem isnt as bad as it is and smoothing over differences

Compromise - an attempt to create a win/win situation

The zero - sum game - sees the conflict strictly in win/lose tems

Mediation - using a third party to facilitate a descision

What is an outline for mediating conflict

1. Set a positive tone

2. Be mindful of apperance

3.Allow the first person to talk

4. Allow the second person to talk

5. Summarize your understanding of the conflict

6. Begin the interview stage

7. Ask each person how the conflict can be resolved

8. Ask each person to make concessions

9 Aim for consensus

10. conclude

Which was one of the first institutions to desgregate

the armed forces

CAP was founded on a commitment to...

Diversity

What does prejudice mean?

It means to pre-judge someone

What is harrassment?

Unwelcome conduct

What is retaliation?

Seeking revenge against someone who objects to harrassment

How can a leader fight against prejudice and hatred?

They can foster an environment that welcomes everyone

Name five ways to fight against hatred

Rise up

Pull together

Speak out

Support victims

Teach tolerance

What is emotional intelligence?

Inentionally making your emotions work for you by using them to help guide your behavior and thinking in ways that will help enhance your results.

What are the five venues of emotional intelligence?

Self-awareness

Managing emotions

Self-motivation

Empathy for others

interpersonal skills

What is self-awareness?

Self-awareness is simply how aware are you of your emotions, how you operate, etc.