apush leq review

Proclamation of 1763

British law by King George that banned colonists fro, settling west of appellation mountains

Concept 3.1

Treaty of Paris 1763

Agreement that officially ended the seven years war between Britain, France, and Spain

Concept 3.1

“Taxation without representation”

idea of unfair tax on people without giving them a voice in the government that makes tax laws

Concept 3.1

Benjamin Franklin Stamp Act

Colonial leader/diplomat who played key role in stamp act crisis; he opposed the stamp act and spoke against Britain

Concept 3.1

Boston Tea Party

response to the tea act, colonists protested tax by throwing it into the harbor

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Coercive Acts (Intolerable Acts)

set of laws passed by British Parliament in 1774 to punish Massachusetts colonists for Boston tea party; they closed the boston port

Concept 3.1

Lexington and Concord

first battle of the revolutionary war, in April 1775 near Boston. clashes between British troops and colonial militias marked the start of armed conflict

Concept 3.1

Patriot

colonist who supported American independence from Britain during revolutionary war. They believed in self governance and took action

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Loyalist

American colonist who remained loyal to Britain during war, opposed independence, and supported British rule

Concept 3.1

Continental Army

Official army created by 2nd continental Congress to fight for American independence during the war

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George Washington

Commander of the first continental army during American revolution and the first president

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King Philips War

War for American Indians that was fought between colonists for land

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Battle of Saratoga

Major turning points in revolutionary war where American forces defeated the British army

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Battle of Yorktown

First Major battle of revolutionary war where Americans/French forced the surrender of British

Concept 3.1

Treaty of Paris 1783

Agreement that officially ended American revolutionary war

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Abigail Adams

Wife of John Adams and an early advocate for women’s rights and educators

Concept 3.1

Hessians

German mercenary soldiers hired by British to fight against American colonists

Concept 3.1

Free Soil Movement

mid 1800s group opposing expansion of slavery into western territoris. Argued for “free labor” and formed free Soil party

Concept 5.2

Underground Railroad

secret network that helped enslaved people escape to free states /Canada before civil war

Concept 5.2

Secession

When stat formerly withdraws from us to become independent

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Mexican Cession

Land Mexico ceded to us in TREATY of Guadalupe Hidalgo after Mexican-American war

Concept 5.2

Compromise of 1850

Package of 5 laws meant to settle slavery and territorial disputes after the Mexican Cession

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Fugitive Slave Act

required that escaped enslaved people found in free states be returned to their en-slavers

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Kansas-Nebraska Act

Created Kansas/Nebraska and let settlers decide slavery by popular sovereignty; effectively repealed Missouri compromise line

Concept 5.2

Dred Scott Decision

Supreme court rules Black people (free or enslaved) were not US citizens and Congress couldn’t ban slavery in territories

Concept 5.2

Second Party System

National rivalry between Democrats/Whigs marked by strong party organization, high voter turnout, and clear political/populist differences

Concept 5.2

Republican Party

Northern anti-slavery expansion coalition that opposed allowing slavery into new territories

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Abraham Lincoln

16th US president, led union during civil war

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Lincoln-Douglas Debates

7 Illinois Senate Debates between Lincoln/Douglass about slavery expansion, popular sovereignty, and democracy

Concept 5.2

John Brown

Radical abolitionist who believed slavery should be ended by force and led anti-slavery raids, most famously at Harper’s Ferry

Concept 5.2

Election of 1860

Lincoln won 4 way election; won without southern electoral votes

Concept 5.2

Civil War

armed conflict between Union and Confederacy over secession and slavery

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Union

US federal government and northern states during the civil war, fighting to preserve nation

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Confederacy

11 southern states that seceded and formed separate government under Jefferson Davis to preserve slavery

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Emancipation Proclamation

declared enslaved people in confederate held territories “forever free”

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Gettysburg Address

Speech at dedication of soldiers honoring dead and redefined civil war as struggle for national unity

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Reconstruction

federal efforts to rebuild southern after civil war and to integrate formerly enslaves people into US life

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13th Amendment

Abolished slavery/involuntary servitude in US, except as punishment for a crime

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14th Amedment

Granted citizenship to all persons born/naturalized in united states’ was guaranteed due process/equal protection of laws

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15th Amendment

prohibited denying citizens right to vote because of race, color, or previous condition of servitude

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Radical Republicans

Republicans who pushed for full rights for freed black people, strong federal enforcement, and harsh reconstruction policies

Concept 5.3

Sharecropping

Post civil war system where landowners let tenants farm plots in return for share of the crop; it trapped tenants in dept/economic dependence

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Segregation

Legal/social separation of races, enforced by laws.customs after reconstruction

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Compromise of 1877

Informal deal resolving disputed 1876 election: republicans get Rutherford N. Hayes as president; democrats get withdrawal of federal troops from the south—-officially ended reconstruction

Concept 5.3