Ventilatory System

Primary Structures of the Ventilatory System

Nasal Passage, Mouth, Pharynx

Warms and moistens the air

Importance

Prevents damage to delicate sensitive tissues inside lungs

Example : Alveoli

Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles

Contracts & relaxes to widen and constrict airway

Importance

When relaxed opens an airway so air flows through it easier.

Exercise = Reads Air Faster

Contraction = Stops foreign objects reaching the Alveoli

Lung, Diaphragm, Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles, Nasal Passage, Mouth, and Pharynx

Defense against chemicals & harmful substances

ALL STRUCTURES OF THE CONDUCTING ZONE

Importance

• Harmful Infections

• Damage Tissue

• Lead to illness

Conducting Airways

Structures:

• Nasal Passage

• Pharynx

• Mouth

• Trachea

• Diaphram

• Lungs

Functions

• Filter Chemicals & Foreign Bodies

• Warm & Moisten air

• Limit airflow resistance (as it goes toward lungs)

Respiratory Zone

Structures

• Bronchioles

• Alveoli

Function

• Gas Exchange

Pulmonary Ventilation

• Rate of breathing

• How much air u can breath in one minute

• Volume of breaths x how many breaths.

Total Lung Capacity TLC

Includes lung volume for RV + VC

Vital Capacity VC

Lung Volume for ERV + TV + IRV

TIdal Volume TV

Total Lung Volume of Normal Breath

Expiratory Reserve Volume ERV

Volume of air for a forced exhale (past regular one)

Inspiratory Reserve Volume IRV

Volume of air for a forced exhale (past regular one)

Residual Volume RV

Volume of air left in lungs even when you breathe in and out as much as possible.

Boyle’s Law

Pressure is Inversely proportional to volume

Increased Volume = Decreased Pressure

Vice Versa

Inhalation: Step 1

Diaphram contracts & lowers / flattens

Inhalation: Step 2

External intercosgtal (ribs) muscles contract raising the ribcage up and out

Inhalation: Step 3

Due to Boyles law volume increases

Inhalation: Step 4

Pressure decreases below atmospheric pressure

Inhalation: Step 5

Air moves from high to low pressure (into lungs)

Exhalation: Step 1

Diaphragm relaxes and raises (done shap)

Exhalation: Step 2

External intercostal muscles (ribs) relax lowering ribcage

Exhalation: Step 3

volume increases

Exhalation: Step 4

pressure increases above atmospheric pressure

Exhalation: Step 5

Air moves from high to low pressure (out of lungs)