COMM chapter 6

Photography

Performs surveillance and cultural transmission, verifies factual claims, tells a story, engages and elicits emotion.

Camera Obscura

A dark box or room with a small hole that inverts an outside image to display on the opposite inner wall.

Daguerreotype

An early type of photography developed in 1893.

Matthew Brady

A pioneering photojournalist known for his work in documenting the American Civil War.

George Eastman

Inventor of roll paper film in 1884, which revolutionized photography.

Kodak Camera

Launched in 1888, it made photography a mainstream commercial product.

What happened to film in 1999?

Sales of film peaked and began to rapidly decline.

Kinetoscope

A peep show device created by Thomas Alva Edison in 1891.

Cinematographe

A portable camera and projector patented in 1895 by Louis and Auguste Lumiere.

Hollywood

Known as 'The Big Studios' in the context of the movie industry.

Motion Picture Patents Company (MPPC)

Founded by Edison in 1908, often referred to as The Trust in controlling the early film industry.

Companies controlling the movie industry in California

Triangle Company, Paramount, Fox, and Universal.

Movie making process

Includes script development, project approval, shooting, and postproduction.

Marketing and Distribution for Movies

Involves heavy advertising two weeks before release; poor attendance upon release can hinder popularity.

Average viewer time spent watching TV

An average viewer spends 11 years watching television.

First television systems

Utilized CRTs (Cathode Ray Tubes).

1950s to early 1960s

Known as the first 'Golden Age' of television, featuring soap operas, sitcoms, dramas.

Late 1960s to 1970s developments

Included shows like Sesame Street (1969), Monday Night Football (1970), All in the Family (1971), and The Jeffersons (1975).

1980s for TV

Cable and satellite television became mainstream, with MTV launching in 1981.

Late 1990s

Marked the beginning of the second 'Golden Age' of prestige TV, with cheaper content explosion.

Digital Television and Convergence

In June 2009, all US TV broadcast signals switched to digital, enhancing quality and convergence.

Broadcast TV

Traditional means of over-the-air distribution for networks, affiliates, and local stations.

Cable TV

Developed in 1948 to help communities in remote areas access TV broadcasts, expanded in the 70s and 80s.

Internet Streaming

Shows increasing convergence with streaming services for content delivery.

Outlook for the Television Industry

Movement towards exclusively digital media world with changing content, distribution systems, and business models.