chapter 3.1 marine bio

Seawater is primarily what

Water and salt 99.5%

Matter

Anything that takes up space and has mass

It consists of ——- each of which naturally occur as small units known as ——

Elements, atoms

Atoms can be

Found alone or bind to other atoms

An element is made of

One type of atom

Water molecules are —— because the oxygen and hydrogen atoms have weak, opposite charges.

Polar

Positive charges are near hydrogen atom and negative charges exist around the oxygen atom. This opposite charge gives water —— and it is called a —— ———

Polarity, polar molecule

Slight opposite electrical charges of a water molecule do what

Cause water molecules to be attracted to one another

The attraction of one water molecule oxygen to another water molecule hydrogen is known as

Hydrogen bonding

Cohesion gives us what

Surface Tension

The unique properties of water exist because

Polarity of water and hydrogen bonds

Temperatures reflect the

Average kinetic energy

Particles of matter are constantly moving, which we referred to as

Kinetic energy

Faster the particles move

Higher the temperature will be

Heat is the

Total kinetic energy

One calorie is the amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of

1 gram

Hydrogen bonds occur —— water molecules

Between

If heat is added to water

Result in the gaseous or vapor Phase aka evaporation

True or false is it highly unusual that in the solid form it becomes less dense

True

Specific heat

The amount of energy required to raise a mass of a substance 1°C

What does latent heat mean

The amount of heat required to melt a substance

Water has high

Specific heat, latent heat, heat capacity

Cohesion is

The sticking together of particles of the same substance

Adhesion

Sticking together of particles of different substances

The higher the viscosity

The more resistance to flow a liquid will be

Solvent

substances can dissolve in water

Water is known as the

Universal solvent