BIO 100 Study Exam 3 - Chap 21 Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure, Chap 22 Digestion

The Circulatory system includes:

Heart, blood vessels, and blood.

Cells

A lot of different types of cells in your body that perform different tasks

What is included in the hierarchy of organization

Cells, Tissues, Organ, Organ System, Organism

Tissues

a bunch of cells together

Organ

A bunch of cells and tissues together

Organ System

Whole bunch of organs put together

Organism

Organ systems put together

Form = Function meaning:

A specific form is created to perform a specific function, and only that specific function can do it. (ex: hollow bird bones designed for flight)

Epithelial skin

This layer that covers the surface of body and lines organs (waterproof-like)

Capillaries

Single layer of epithelial skin that makes nutrients easy to come in and out into bloodstream (non-waterproof)

Loose connective tissue (most common)

Connects organs together

Fibrous connective tissue

Binds body parts to protect from injury (ligaments, tendons, protective eyeball layer)

Cartilage

Ears and between bone to keep from rubbing together.

What are the six connective tissues:

Loose connective tissue, fibrous connective tissue, cartilage, bone, adipose (fat), blood

Adipose

Fancy word for “fat” = energy

Skeletal muscles

muscles attached to skeleton (hammies, glutes, biceps - have control over these)

What are the 7 parts of the digestive system?

Mouth→Pharynx→Esophagus→Stomach→Small intestine→Large intestine→Anus

What is Villi in the small intestine?

Each fold

What are the 4 stages of food processing?

1. Ingestion (eating)

2.Digestion (breakdown)

3. Absorption (receive nutrients)

4.Elimination (pooping)

What is an endotherm?

Derive most of their body hear from their own metabolism (humans, most mammals)

Skeletal system

Supports body and anchors muscles

Circulatory system

Transports substances throughout the body (blood)

Respiratory system

Exchanges carbon dioxide

Digestive system

Breaks down food and absorbs nutrients

Integumentary (skin) system

Protects body

Lymphatic and immune system

Defends against disease

Nervous system

Processes sensory information and controls responses

Muscular system

Moves the body

Urinary system

Rids body of certain wastes

Endocrine system

Secretes hormones that regulate body (ex: pituitary gland)

Reproductive system

produces gametes and offspring