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What are the main classes of antidepressants?
A 45-year-old patient diagnosed with major depressive disorder is prescribed sertraline. What is the nurse's priority assessment prior to initiating therapy?
Assess the patient's risk for suicide, especially during the early phase of treatment.
A client is taking amitriptyline for depression and reports difficulty urinating. Which nursing action is most appropriate?
Consult with the healthcare provider to evaluate the persistence of the anticholinergic effects.
A patient on monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) is concerned about dietary restrictions. What should the nurse advise?
Avoid high-tyramine foods such as aged cheese and cured meats to prevent hypertensive crisis.
A nurse is teaching a patient about bupropion. What statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?
'I can stop taking this medication suddenly if I feel better.'
A client receiving Duloxetine reports increased agitation and muscle rigidity. What condition should the nurse suspect?
Serotonin syndrome, which can occur with increased serotonin levels.
In which of the following scenarios should a nurse withhold lithum medication and consult a physician?
If the patient's serum lithium level is 1.8 mEq/L or greater, indicating potential toxicity.
A patient receiving venlafaxine for depression is experiencing withdrawal symptoms. What did the nurse advise?
Gradually taper the dose under the guidance of a healthcare provider instead of stopping abruptly.
During a medication teaching session, a patient taking a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) reports experiencing sexual dysfunction. What is the nurse's best response?
'It's common with SSRIs; we can discuss potential alternatives or strategies to manage this.'
While administering mood stabilizers to a patient with bipolar disorder, what is an essential nursing intervention?
Monitor serum electrolyte levels and renal function given the potential risks of lithium.
A nurse is monitoring a patient on St. John's Wort and an antidepressant. What is a critical assessment to perform?
Evaluate for any signs of increased toxicity or decreased efficacy of the antidepressant.
What are common side effects of Duloxetine?
Nausea, dry mouth, insomnia, constipation, dizziness, increased sweating, sexual dysfunction.
What are the therapeutic uses of Venlafaxine?
Primarily used for major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and social anxiety disorder.
What are the adverse effects of Bupropion?
Risk of seizures, particularly at higher doses, insomnia, dry mouth, headache, anxiety.
What are contraindications for taking Amitriptyline?
Hypersensitivity to tricyclic antidepressants, recent myocardial infarction, concurrent use with MAOIs.
What should be monitored in patients taking Lithium?
Serum lithium levels, renal function, thyroid function, and signs of toxicity.
What are potential side effects of St. John's Wort?
Photosensitivity, gastrointestinal symptoms, allergic reactions, and risk of serotonin syndrome when combined with other antidepressants.
What nursing interventions should be considered for patients on SSRIs?
Monitor for changes in mood or behavior, assess for suicidal thoughts, evaluate for side effects, and educate about the potential delay in therapeutic effect.
What are adverse effects of Sertraline?
Headache, drowsiness, insomnia, sexual dysfunction, increased sweating.
What contraindications exist for Duloxetine?
Concurrent use with MAOIs, uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma, and hypersensitivity to the drug.
What nursing considerations are important for a patient taking Venlafaxine?
Monitor blood pressure, especially at higher doses, assess for suicidal ideation, and observe for signs of serotonin syndrome.
What side effects are associated with Imipramine?
Cardiovascular effects (arrhythmias), sedation, anticholinergic effects, and weight gain.
When should a nurse withhold Bupropion?
If the patient has a seizure disorder, eating disorder, or is taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs).
