APES All Units

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Individual

One organism

Population

Group of individuals of the same species

Community

All living organisms in an area

Ecosystem

All living and nonliving things in an area

Biome

The plants and animals found in a given region (determined by climate)

Competition

— and —, organisms fighting over a resource, limits pop. size

Predation

+ and —, one organism using another for energy source (hunter or parasite)

Mutualism

+ and +, relationship that benefits both organisms (coral, lichen)

Commensalism

+ and 0, relationship that benefits one organism & doesn’t impact the other (birds nest in trees)

Herbivores

Eat plants for energy

True predators/Carnivores

Kill and eat prey for energy

Parasites

Use a host organism for energy, living inside host often w/o killing

Parasitoid

Lay eggs inside a host organism, eggs hatch and larvae eat host for energy

Symbiosis

Any close and long-term interaction between two organisms of different species (mutualism, commensalism, parasitism)

Resource partitioning

Different species using the same resource in different ways to reduce competition

Temporal partitioning

Using same resource at different times

Spatial partitioning

Using different areas of a shared habitat

Morphological partitioning

Using different resources based on different evolved body features

Latitude

Distance from equator, determines temperature and rainfall

Shifting biomes

Biomes shift in location on Earth as climate changes

Salinity (Aquatic Biome)

Amount of salt in a body of water

Flow (Aquatic Biome)

How much O2 can dissolve in water

Depth (Aquatic Biome)

How much sunlight can reach the bottom of a body of water

Temperature (Aquatic Biome)

Warmer water holds less O2

Lakes

Littoral

Limnetic

Profundal

Benthic

Wetland

Benefits of Wetlands

Estuaries

Coral Reef

Intertidal Zones

Photic Zone

Aphotic Zones

Carbon Source

Carbon Sink