Object-Orientated Programming (IB)

Encapsulation

The wrapping of data and functions together as a single unit, where data is only accessible through functions within a class.

Data Abstraction

Representing essential features without including background details, where classes define attributes and functions to operate on these attributes.

Polymorphism

The ability for an operation to exhibit different behaviors in different instances, achieved through function overloading and operator overloading.

Inheritance

The process by which one object can acquire the properties of another, supporting reuse and extensibility within a system.

Dynamic Binding

Linking a procedure call to the code to be executed at runtime, allowing flexibility in code association.

Message Passing

Objects communicate by sending and receiving information, where a message is a request for the execution of a procedure.

Class

A user-defined data type consisting of data members and member functions, serving as a blueprint for objects.

Access Specifiers

Private and Public:Mechanisms in OOP for data hiding, where private data is accessible only within the class and public data is accessible from outside.

Object

An instance of a class, representing a self-contained entity with data and procedures.

Method

A function defined within a class associated with objects, describing behaviors and actions an object can perform.

Attribute

A variable bound to an instance of a class, holding data associated with an object and representing its state or properties.