BB 5th Grade Unit 7 Vocab

Vocabulary terms and definitions from the World War II Grade 5 Unit 7 glossary, covering military, political, and writing-related concepts.

aerial

having to do with or done by means of an aircraft

airstrip

a runway used by planes to take off or land

annex

take over control of another location

antisemitism

a hostile attitude toward Jewish people, which can lead to discrimination and violence

appeasement

the strategy of giving a person or group what they want to prevent conflict

argumentative writing

words written to support the author’s position on a particular topic

armament

weapons, equipment, and supplies used for war

armistice

an agreement between opponents to stop or pause warfare

arsenal

a collection of weapons and military equipment; 1. n. place where weapons and military equipment are stored or made

atrocity

an exceptionally and shockingly evil or cruel act

audience

the group of people for whom a text is written

blitzkrieg

a tactic in which a military uses intense speed and power to attack and surprise its opponents

body paragraph

part of an essay that supports the main idea or key idea

casualty

a military person removed from battle because of death, injury, illness, or capture

chronology

order of events in time

claim

oa statement that summarizes a writer’s position

collective

shared or done by people in a group

comma

a punctuation mark used to indicate a pause in a sentence or to separate a group of words related to the same thought

complex sentence

a sentence with an independent clause and a dependent clause

compound sentence

a sentence with two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction (and, but, or, nor, for, yet, so)

concentration camp

a place or facility in which people are detained, usually under harsh conditions and without a trial or fair cause

conclusion

the last part of a text that summarizes the message

conflict

1. v. the last part of a text that summarizes the message; 2. n. an extended struggle

deceive

make someone believe something that is not true

dehumanize

to treat a person or people in a manner that devalues them as if they are less than human

dependent clause

a group of words that has a subject and a verb but cannot stand alone as a complete sentence

deploy

to move troops into position for military action

devastating

causing serious damage, destruction, or pain

dictator

a single leader of a country or territory who has absolute and total power

draft

1. n. the process where the government selects people to join the military during times of war; 2. n. the first version or plan of a text; 3. n. a flow of air; 4, v. to put in written form

drafting

writing the first version or rough copy of a document, such as an essay, story, or report

editing

the act of increasing the quality of a piece of writing by carefully reviewing it and making improvements to aspects such as grammar, spelling, and word choice

emphasis

special attention to something important

empire

a group of countries or territories ruled by one powerful leader

essay map

a graphic organizer that outlines the structure and key components of an essay

essay structure

the way the author organizes a text

evidence

a detail, fact, or piece of information that supports the writer’s claim

executive order

an official statement from the President that has the force of law

expansionism

a policy or practice of growing by acquiring new territory

extremism

belief in and support for radical ideas

fact

a detail or idea that is known or has been proven to be true

fascism

a political system in which the government controls all businesses and labor and is led by a dictator with absolute power

front

1. n. the leading edge of a conflict and the zone where active military operations are occurring; 2. n. the forward part or surface; 3. adj. related to the forward part or surface

future tense

verb form describing events that have not happened yet

genocide

the intentional physical destruction of part or all of a group of people

guerilla

1. adj. irregular fighting styles that include sneak or surprise attacks; 2. n. a member of a small independent fighting team

humanitarian

1. adj. promoting the well-being of other people; 2. n. a person who takes actions that promote the well-being of other people

impending

about to happen

indefinite pronouns

words that don’t point to specific people, places, or things

independent clause

a group of words that has a subject and a verb and can stand alone as a complete sentence

industrial mobilization

the process of industries shifting to providing goods and services for the war effort

infamy

the state of being well-known because of something negative or evil

inflict

to cause or impose something unpleasant or harmful on someone or something

infrastructure

the basic framework of a country or city that allows it to function, such as systems of roads, bridges, hospitals, schools, and other public works

introduction

the opening part of a piece of writing that provides background information and presents the main topic or idea

irregular verb

a verb that does not follow the usual rules or patterns of grammar

island-hopping

a verb that does not follow the usual rules or patterns of grammar

isolationist

preferring a policy of staying uninvolved in alliances or the affairs of other countries

liberation

the act of being set free

memorial

a structure made to honor or preserve the memory of an event, individual, or group

morale

the mental and emotional condition of an individual or a group concerning a task or goal to be accomplished

nationalism

a belief in the importance of promoting the culture and interests of your own country above all others

non-aggression pact

an agreement between countries to avoid fighting with one another

offensive

1. adj. relating to or made for attack; 2. n. the state or attitude of one who is making an attack

operation

1. n. an active military mission or process; 2. n. the act of surgery being performed on a patient; 3. n. the act or process of functioning

paraphrase

to restate something in different words

past tense

verb form describing events that have already happened

peer editing

the act of engaging with another person’s work to suggest ways to improve aspects such as grammar, spelling, and word choice

peninsula

a piece of land nearly surrounded by water but is connected to the mainland on one side

planning

brainstorming ideas and organizing thoughts to prepare for writing

pogrom

a mob attack sponsored by the government with the goal of harassing or killing defenseless people in their homes, neighborhoods, businesses, and places of worship

prejudice

negative attitudes, including hatred, toward a person or group without a fair neighborhoods cause or reason

premeditated

planned in advance

present tense

verb form describing events that are currently happening or happen regularly

propaganda

typically biased or misleading information or opinions that are made public to promote or attack a movement, cause, or person

prosperity

a state of well-being, thriving, good fortune, or success

publishing

the act of making a written piece of work available to an audience by presenting or displaying it

purpose

the reason the author writes a text

ration

1. v. to control the amount one can use; 2, n. the limited amount of an item a person can use

relegate

to remove or dismiss to a less important place

relentless

without stopping or lessening in intensity

resolve

1. n. firmness of purpose; determination; 2. v. to decide firmly and sincerely to do something or that something shall be done

revising

part of the writing process that involves examining the writing and making changes to improve aspects such as grammar, spelling, and word choice

root word

the most basic form or meaning of a word

rubric

a scoring guide used to evaluate skills and content

scapegoat

to unfairly blame an individual or group for a problem or the wrongs of others

secure

1. adj. free from danger or fear; 2. v. to make something safe

simple sentence

an independent clause with one subject and one verb

simultaneous

existing or occurring at the same time

solidarity

a feeling of being united in common goals or beliefs

storm

1. v. to move or rush in an angry way; 2. n. a type of weather pattern that brings wind, rain, thunder, and lightning

subjugate

to win power over someone by force

suffix

a letter or group of letters added at the end of a word to change its meaning or function

summarize

to briefly state the main points of something

sustainable

capable of being continued or upheld

tactic

a plan for achieving something

theater

1. n. a multi-country geographical region where significant events, particularly related to war, take place; 2. n. a building or outdoor area in which plays and other dramatic performances are given

transitional words and phrases

a words that connect paragraphs and bring thoughts together

tyranny

a government led by a single cruel, harsh ruler who holds all the power

unprovoked

not brought on by anything done or said