Principles of Dev Chapter 2.1-2.3

uterus

pear-sized and pear-shaped muscular organ that lies in the pelvic cavity, except during pregnancy when it enlarges and extends up into the abdominal cavity. Its functions are menstruation, pregnancy, and labor

endometrium

inner lining of the uterus

cervix

neck of the uterus

fallopian tubes

a pair of tubes with fingerlike projections that draw in the ovum

ovaries

one of a pair almond-shaped organs that conatins a womans ova or eggs

ova

female reproductive cells

Fertilization

union of sperm and egg

ovulation

the moment during a woman's monthly cycle when an ovum is expelled from the ovary

testes

male organs that manufacture sperm

Chromosomes

threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes

DNA

the material that makes up genes

genes

segment of dna that codes for a specific trait

germinal stage

the first 14 days of prenatal development, from fertilization to full implantation

zygote

fertilized egg

blasocyst

a hollow ball of cells descended from a fertilized ovum

Implantation

process in which the blastocyst attaches to the wall of the uterus

placenta

organ that nourishes the fetus

embryonic stage

The second stage of prenatal development, lasting from two weeks until the end of the second month.

neural tube

a cylindrical structure that forms along the back of the embryo and develops into the brain and spinal cord

neurons

nerve cells

proximodistal sequence

the developmental principle that growth occurs from the most interior parts of the body outward

cephalocaudal sequence

the developmental principle that growth occurs in a sequence from head to toe

mass-to-specific

The developmental principle that large structures (and movements) precede increasingly detailed refinements.

fetal stage

the final phase of prenatal development, lasting seven months, characterized by physical refinements, massive growth, and the development of the brain

umbilical cord

The structure that connects the pregnant woman to the fetus via the placenta; contains two arteries and one vein.

amniotic sac

a bag-shaped, fluid-filled membrane that contains and insulates the fetus