Demographic Trends in UK | Death Rates and Life Expectancy

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18 Terms

1
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What are death rates and life expectancy?

  • Death rate refers to the rate of deaths per 1000 of the population in the UK- sometimes referred to as crude mortality rate

  • Life expectancy refers to the average length of time that somebody born in that year is expected to live

  • These figures are often presented by geographical areas and can be linked to the level of deprivation in an area

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What did the death rates total in 2019?

  • 530,841

  • A death rate of 8.8 deaths per 1000 of population

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What was the male death rate?

9.0 per 100

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What was the female death rate?

8.8 per 1000

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What is the life expectancy for males in 2019?

80.3 years

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What is the life expectancy for females in 2019?

83.8 years

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What is the life expectancy for males meant to reach by 2050?

85.3 for males

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What is the life expectancy for females meant to reach by 2050?

87.9 for females

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Where is life-expectancy the highest for boys in the UK?

Kensington and Chelsea (83.3 years)

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Where is life expectancy the lowest for boys in the UK?

Blackpool (74.7 years)

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Where is life-expectancy the highest for girls in the UK?

Chiltern (86.7 years)

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Where is life-expectancy the lowest for girls in the UK?

Middlesborough (79.8 years)

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Why are people living longer?

  • Advances in medicine

  • Changes in lifestyles

  • Changes to employment

  • Higher standards of living

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Why have there been advances in medicine?

  • Creation of the NHS and the welfare state

  • Research and development into medicines

  • Greater use of technology in medical assessments- e.g. MRI scans, keyhole surgery

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Why have there been changes in lifestyles?

  • Healthier diets due to the availability of products from around the world

  • More active lifestyles- growth of gym and personal fitness industry

  • Greater awareness of illness and disease and taking preventative action

  • Greater awareness around well-being and promotion of work-life balance

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Why have there been changes to employment?

  • Decline of traditional male jobs that increased wear and tear on men’s bodies

  • Health and Safety legislation and employee health programmes

  • Flexible working and career progression

  • State bodies created to investigate conditions at work, e.g. Health and Safety Executive

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Why are there higher standards of living?

  • Although in recent years there has been wage stagnation, there has been improvement in standards of living

  • Estimated £2500 per annum spent by each UK household on health, fitness and diet

  • More leisure and time spent with family

  • Better housing- central heating, double glazing, less damp

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What are the evaluations of death rates and life expectancy?

  • North-South divide in terms of quality of life

  • The majority of local areas in the bottom 50 with the lowest life expectancy at birth (68% of areas for boys and 70% for girls) were in the North East, the North West and Wales

  • The top 50 local areas with the highest male life expectancy at birth were in the South East, East of England, South West, London and East Midlands only

  • For females, the top 50 included in these regions and 1 each in the North West and Yorkshire and the The Humbler