Carbohydrates and Lipids Quiz

carbohydrate monomer and polymer

monomer: monosaccharide, polymer: polysaccharide

linear carbohydrate

branched carbohydrate

lipid monomers

glycerol and fatty acids

lipid structure

hydrophilic (polar) head and hydrophobic (non-polar) tail

What elements make up all organic macromolecules?

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorous (CHONP)

What does structure equals function mean?

what a molecule can do is determined by it's shape and composition

lipid functions

long energy storage, phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane, steroids (hormones), thermal insulation

glucose

the form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues

cellulose

carbohydrate component of plant cell walls, has a linear structure

starch

storage form of glucose in plants, has a branched structure

glycogen

storage form of glucose in animals, has a highly branched structure

hydrolysis

breaks down complex molecules into individuals molecules by adding a water molecule

dehydration synthesis

puts together molecules to make a more complex molecule by removing a water molecule

atherosclerosis

the build up of fatty deposits in arteries caused by eating too much saturated fats and cholesterol, can lead to a heart attack or stroke