Upper and Lower Body Muscles: Origins, Insertions, Actions

Origin of orbicularis oris

Mandible and Maxilla

Origin of masseter

Temporal bone

Origin of rectus abdominus

Pubis

Origin of trapezius

Occipital bone and all cervical and thoracic vertebrae

Origin of pectoralis major

Sternum, clavicle, and 1st to 6th ribs

Origin of latissimus dorsi

Lower spine and illiac crest

Origin of deltoid

Scapular spine and clavicle

Origin of biceps brachii

Scapula of shoulder girdle

Origin of triceps brachii

Shoulder girdle and proximal humerus

Origin of opponens pollicis

Carpal bones

Origin of sartorius

Illium

Origin of rectus femoris

Pelvis

Origin of semitendinosus

Ishcial tuberosity

Origin of adductor longus

Pelvis

Origin of quadratus femoris

Inferolateral margin of the ischial tuberosity

Origin of gluteus maximus

Sacrum and ilium

Origin of tibialis anterior

Proximal tibia

Origin of extensor digitorum longus

Proximal tibia and fibula

Origin of peroneus (fibularis) brevis

Fibula

Origin of gastrocnemius

Distal femur

Origin of flexor hallucis longus

Posterior surface of the fibula, Interosseous membrane

Insertion of orbicularis oris

Skin and muscle around mouth

Insertion of masseter

Mandible

Insertion of rectus abdominus

Sternum and 5th to 7th ribs

Insertion of trapezius

Scapular spine and clavicle

Insertion of pectoralis major

Proximal humerus

Insertion of latissimus dorsi

Proximal humerus

Insertion of deltoid

Humerus (deltoid tuberoisty)

Insertion of biceps brachii

Proximal radius

Insertion of triceps brachii

Olecranon process of ulna

Insertion of opponens pollicis

Front and side aspect of the first metacarpal

Insertion of sartorius

Proximal tibia

Insertion of rectus femoris

Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

Insertion of semitendinosus

Proximal tibia

Insertion of adductor longus

Proximal femur

Insertion of quadratus femoris

Intertrochanteric crest

Insertion of gluteus maximus

Proxiaml femur (gluteal tiberosity)

Insertion of tibialis anterior

First cuneiform (tarsal) and first metatarsal of foot

Insertion of extensor digitorum longus

Distal toes 2-5

Insertion of peroneus (fibularis) brevis

Metatarsals of foot

Insertion of gastrocnemius

Calcaneus (heel via calcaneal tendon)

Insertion of flexor hallucis longus

Plantar surface of the base of the distal phalanx of the great toe

Action of orbicularis oris

Closes and protrudes lips

Action of masseter

Compresses teeth (sucking in), holds food between teeth during chewing

Action of rectus abdominus

Flexs vertebral column

Action of trapezius

Raises, retracts, and rotates scapula

Action of pectoralis major

Adducts and flexes humerus

Action of latissimus dorsi

Adducts humerus

Action of deltoid

Extends and adducts humerus

Action of biceps brachii

Flexes elbow and spinates forearm

Action of triceps brachii

Extends elbow

Action of opponens pollicis

Produces thumb opposition by flexing and medially rotating the first metacarpal

Action of sartorius

Flexes thigh on hip

Action of rectus femoris

Extend knee, flexes hip on thigh

Action of semitendinosus

Flex knee and extend hip

Action of adductor longus

Adduct and medially rotate thigh

Action of quadratus femoris

Intertrochanteric crest on the posterior aspect of the proximal femur

Action of gluteus maximus

Extends hip

Action of tibialis anterior

Dorsiflexes and inverts foot

Action of extensor digitorum longus

Extends toes

Action of peroneus (fibularis) brevis

Plantar flex and evert foot

Action of gastrocnemius

Plantar flexes foot and flexes knee

Action of flexor hallucis longus

Flexes the great toe, Plantarflexes the ankle, Supports the medial arch