Chapter 5 - The animal kingdom

What are the characteristics of the animal kingdom?

• Multicellular: containing many specialised cells with a nucleus and no cell wall

• Heterotrophic 

• Motile: they can all move except sponges, and corals lose ability to move 

• they respire Aerobically

• most contain Muscle cells for movement and Nerve cells to transmit messages

• most reproduce Sexually

• they have a Digestive tract

What are the exeptions to sexual reproduction?

• some reproduce Assexuall, they create clones that are genetically identical

• For example: Flatworms, Corals, Insects

What is the subdivion of the animal kingdom?

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P - Porifera (sponges)

C - Cnidaria (corals, jellyfish)

P - Platyhelminthes (flat worms)

N - Nematoda (round worms)

A - Annelida (segmented worms)

M - Mollusca (mollusk)

A - Arthropoda (arachnids, insects, crustaceans)

E - Echinodermata (starfish, sea urchins)

C - Chordata (vertebrates)

Describe the phyla Porifera

• holes / spores on body; water goes through and capture food

• sessile :don't move

• produce sperm that does move

Describe the phyla Cnidaria

• corals → immobile ;  jellyfish → mobile

• they have specialized stringing cells

Describe the phyla Platyhelminthes

• they have an internal body cavity 

• some live independently and are parasitic → tapeworms

Describe the phyla Nematoda

• they have a body cavity

• they live independently and are parasitic

• have a digestive tract

Describe the phyla Annelida

their bodies have similar sections

Describe the phyla Mollusca

mollusk → snails, octopus, mussels

Describe the phyla Echinodermata

bodies divided into 5 sections

Describe the phyla Chordata

• all have a string of nerve tissue along their back

• most are vertebres

• fish, frogs, reptiles, birds, mammals