U.S. History Semester 1 Study Guide

Flashcards for U.S. History Semester 1 Study Guide

French and Indian War

War between Britain and France in North America, leading to British debt and new taxation policies.

Join or Die

A cartoon symbolizing colonial unity against the French and Indian War.

British taxation strategies after the French and Indian War

British acts that imposed taxes on the colonies, such as the Stamp Act and Tea Act.

Common Sense

A pamphlet advocating for American independence from Britain.

Declaration of Independence

Document declaring the independence of the American colonies from Britain.

Remember the Ladies

Abigail Adams' request to consider women's rights in the new nation.

Treaty of Paris (1783)

Treaty that officially ended the American Revolutionary War in 1783.

Articles of Confederation

The first government of the United States, which had several critical limitations.

Shays’ Rebellion

An uprising of farmers in Massachusetts that showed the weakness of the Articles of Confederation.

Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists

Groups that debated the ratification of the Constitution.

Great Compromise

A compromise that created a bicameral legislature with representation based on population in one house.

Differences between Hamilton and Jefferson

Differences in political ideologies.

George Washington’s Farewell Address

Washington's advice on avoiding foreign entanglements and political factions.

Peaceful transfer of power in the Election of 1800

Result of the election of 1800.

XYZ Affair

A diplomatic incident that led to anti-French sentiment in the United States.

Three-Fifths Compromise

Determined that three out of every five slaves would be counted for purposes of representation.

Natural rights

Rights influenced on the Bill of Rights.

Elastic Clause

Clause that allows Congress to make laws necessary.

Washington setting a two-term precedent

Example set by Washington by only serving 2 terms.

Hamilton’s Financial Plan

Plan implemented by Hamilton that led to Southern opposition.

Alien and Sedition Acts

Acts passed to suppress dissent and limit immigration.

Abigail Adams and early women’s advocacy

She advocated for women's rights.

The “Revolution of 1800”

Thomas Jefferson's election marked a shift in political power.

Significance of the Whiskey Rebellion

Significance of the Whiskey Rebellion.

Land gained from the Treaty of Paris

The land the U.S. gained from the treaty of paris.

Lewis and Clark Expedition

Exploration of the Louisiana Territory.

Monroe Doctrine

Policy warning European powers against intervention in the Americas.

Marbury v. Madison

Established the principle of judicial review.

McCulloch v. Maryland

Affirmed national supremacy over state laws.

Jefferson and the Louisiana Purchase

Jefferson's purchase of Louisiana despite his strict constructionist views.

Missouri Compromise

Compromise that temporarily resolved the slavery conflict.

Market Revolution

Impact of cheaper transportation.

Mill girls

Temporary factory labor for women.

John O’Sullivan and Manifest Destiny

Belief that the U.S. was destined to expand across North America.

Mexican-American War

War between the U.S. and Mexico, resulting in U.S. territorial gains.

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

Treaty ending the Mexican-American War.

Impact of westward expansion on Native Americans

Impact of westward expansion on Native Americans.

Andrew Jackson and Indian Removal

President responsible for the Indian Removal Act.

Trail of Tears

Forced relocation of Cherokee Native Americans.

Connection between abolition and women’s rights

Connection between ending slavery and women's rights.

Dorothea Dix

Advocate for mental health reform.

William Lloyd Garrison’s abolitionist stance

Abolitionist stance.

Sojourner Truth

Intersectional discrimination.

Causes of the Civil War

Expansion of slavery.

Key parts of the Compromise of 1850

Key parts of the Compromise of 1850.

Opposition to the Fugitive Slave Act

Opposition to the Fugitive Slave Act.

Kansas-Nebraska Act and “Bleeding Kansas”

Kansas-Nebraska Act.

Dred Scott decision

Dred Scott decision.

Uncle Tom’s Cabin

Uncle Tom’s Cabin.

John Brown at Harpers Ferry

John Brown at Harpers Ferry.

Southern secession after Lincoln’s election

Southern secession.

Northern advantages in the Civil War

Northern advantages in the Civil War.

Southern strategy

Southern strategy and disadvantages.

Emancipation Proclamation

Emancipation Proclamation.

Gettysburg Address

Gettysburg Address.

Total war strategy

Total war strategy Sherman’s March to the Sea

13th, 14th, 15th Amendments and civil rights

13th, 14th, 15th Amendments.

Lincoln vs. Johnson Reconstruction plans

Lincoln vs. Johnson Reconstruction plans.

Gilded Age

A period of rapid industrialization and wealth disparity.

Rockefeller

Oil monopolies.

Vertical and horizontal integration

Strategies for controlling industries.

Knights of Labor vs. AFL

Knights of Labor vs. AFL

Eugene V. Debs and the Pullman Strike

Eugene V. Debs and the Pullman Strike

Triangle Shirtwaist Fire and safety reform

Triangle Shirtwaist Fire and safety reform

William Jennings Bryan and the Cross of Gold speech

William Jennings Bryan and the Cross of Gold speech

Square Deal reforms

Square Deal reforms.

Muckrakers

Muckrakers.

19th Amendment vs. 15th Amendment

Suffrage expansion

Sherman Antitrust Act

Sherman Antitrust Act

Wisconsin Idea

Wisconsin Idea

Roosevelt as a “trust-buster”

Roosevelt as a “trust-buster”

Pure Food and Drug Act

Pure Food and Drug Act

Causes of American imperialism

Causes of American imperialism

U.S. acquisition of Hawaii

U.S. acquisition of Hawaii

Spanish-American War

Spanish-American War

Open Door Policy

Open Door Policy

Roosevelt Corollary

Roosevelt Corollary

Political cartoon

Uncle Sam and U.S. empire-building

U.S. rejection of the Treaty of Versailles and League of Nations

U.S. rejection of the Treaty of Versailles and League of Nations

MAIN causes of WWI

MAIN causes of WWI

Wilson’s War Message

Wilson’s War Message

WWI propaganda

WWI propaganda

Selective Service Act

Selective Service Act

Women’s roles in WWI

Women’s roles in WWI

Harlem Hellfighters

Harlem Hellfighters

Decline in immigration during WWI

Decline in immigration during WWI

Treaty of Versailles

Treaty of Versailles requirements for Germany

Shift to U.S. isolationism after WWI

Shift to U.S. isolationism after WWI